Bones and Muscles
What Is A?
maxilla
name 2 places the tongue contacts for articulation
alveolar ridge, teeth, palate, lips, velum
what does the nervous system consist of? what about the CNS
CNS & PNS
CNS- brain + spinal cord
How many phases of the swallow? name them
Oral prep
oral transit
pharyngeal
esophageal
what is the primary auditory cortex also known as?
Broadmans 41- heschl's gyrus
What are these bones called?
ossicles, malleus, incus, stapes
what muscle elevates the tongue tip? for what sound?
superior longitudinal, R, l... any more?
what cranial nerve innervates the muscles of the tongue?
CN XII- hypoglossal
What phase(s) are voluntary?
oral prep & oral transit
What CN innervates the abduction and adduction of the VF?
CN X- Vagus
What is D?
transverse
what does the buccinator do? what is it important for and what CN innervate it?
buccal tension, prevents pocketing of food, builds pressure, CN VII
what cranial nerve innervates the muscles of the face?
CN VII- facial
What Cranial Nerve innervates the orbicularis oris? Name a a role it plays during deglutition
what is the source-filter theory?
they VF vibrate to produce sound (source), the rest of the resonatory sytem and articulators are the filter
what is f?
mentalis
What muscles are used for the sound /i/?
risorius, it is a high front vowel, voiced
How many Cranial nerves are there?
What muscles are important for mastication? what CN innervates them?
Masseter, temporalis, lateral and medial pterygoid
What muscle retracts the tongue? what is this important for?
styloglossus, back sounds, bolus transportation
Label this picture
a-arytenoid
B- true vocal fold, TA muscle
C- vallecula
D- epiglottis
Describe what happens when producing the sound /o/?
jaw is open, voiced, lips rounded, tongue is retracted- high back vowel
What CN innervates the hair cells of the ear?
CN VIII- vestibulocochlear
How does the respiratory system play a role in swallowing?
Need pressure for a cough to clear airway.
How many inner hair cells vs outer hair cells? how many rows?
12,000 OHC & 3500 IHC
3 rows of OHC, 1 row of IHC