A
relating to the right and left sides of the body or of a body structure such as the right and left extremities
what is Bilateral?
Describe then demonstrate:
what is horizontal abduction? Show us.
what is movement of humerus in horizontal plane toward midline of body?
Describe planes
what is in relation to the body, not in relation to the earth?
Clinical Pathology: a common problem involving the extensor carpi radialis brevis and extensor digitorum muscle near its origin on lateral epicondyle
associated with gripping and lifting activities
what is Tennis elbow?
Clinical pathology
Shin splints and pain at the distal 2/3 of the posterior medial aspect of the tibia
involve the tibialis posterior, anterior tibialis, may also involve the extensor digitorum longus
what is Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome?
lateral side of the forearm or hand
what is Radial?
Describe then demonstrate:
radio-ulnar supination. Show us.
what is externally rotating radius where it lies parallel to ulna, resulting in palm-up position of forearm?
Movements in sagittal plane rotate about a...
what is mediolateral (frontal/transverse) axis?
Clinical Pathology: "Tommy john procedure" from throwing activities placing stress on medial aspect of joint resulting in injury (think about baseball players)
what is Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL)?
Clinical Pathology:
Cause: inflexibility of the medial longitudinal arch, tightness of gastrocnemius-soleus unit, wearing shoes without arch support
Signs/symptoms: pain in anterior medial heel, increases when foot is not used for a long period of time
what is Plantar Fasciitis?
below in relation to another structure; inferior
what is Caudal?
Describe then demonstrate:
dorsiflexion. Show us.
what is flexion of the ankle that results in top of foot moving toward anterior tibia?
Movements in transverse plane rotate about a ...
what is longitudinal (vertical) axis?
Clinical Pathology:
this is often injured from falling on an outstretched hand and dismissed as a sprain
(FOOSH) causing a hyperextension force on the wrist
what is Scaphoid fracture?
Clinical Pathology:
Runner's Knee or Cyclists Knee caused by repeated knee flexion and extension
Sign of condition: tenderness, mild swelling, pain during running or cycling activities
what is IT Band Friction Syndrome?
behind and to the inner side
what is Posteromedial?
Describe then demonstrate:
upward rotation. Show us.
what is the rotary movement of the scapula with inferior angle of scapula moving laterally and upward?
This plane of motion involves a combination of movements from traditional planes and occurs in joints that are capable of movement in two or more planes..
what is Diagonal planes of motion?
Clinical Pathology:
Swelling & inflammation causing increased
pressure & resulting in decreased function of median nerve leading to reduced motor &
sensation function
- Particularly common with repetitive use of the hand and wrist in manual labor and clerical work such as typing and keyboarding
what is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?
Clinical pathology:
compression of local spinal nerves in the lumbar and sacral spinal nerves
- shooting pain down leg
- numbness and muscle weakness in areas of affected nerves
what is Spinal Disc Herniation?
above in relation to another structure; toward the head; higher
what is Superior (supra)?
Describe then demonstrate:
internal rotation. Show us.
what is the rotary movement around longitudinal axis of a bone toward midline of body (occurring in transverse plane)?
This axis of rotation runs straight down through top of the head, perpendicular to transverse plane of motion, superior/inferior, and commonly includes internal rotation, external rotation movements...
what is Longitudinal axis (aka Vertical axis)?
Clinical Pathology:
commonly caused by weakness of serratus anterior leading to medial winging when pushing forward or raising arms
- weakness or paralysis due to injury of the long thoracic nerve
what is Scapula winging?
Clinical Pathology:
sprain of the anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments and the distal portion of the interosseous membrane holding the tibia and fibula together
caused when foot is planted and lower leg twists in opposite direction
what is Syndesmosis sprain (high ankle sprain)?