Neurological Conditions
What is the primary neurotransmitter affected in Parkinson’s Disease?
Dopamine
Which artery is most often involved in strokes causing contralateral hemiplegia and behavioral disturbances?
The anterior cerebral artery.
What is the most important principle to follow when lifting objects to prevent low back pain?
Bend at the knees, keep the object close to the body, and avoid twisting.
What type of therapy setting is most appropriate for a stroke survivor who can tolerate three hours of therapy per day?
Inpatient rehabilitation.
What is self-management in the context of chronic conditions?
Active engagement of clients in managing their health through education, goal-setting, and problem-solving.
How does Guillain-Barré Syndrome typically present in terms of motor weakness?
Symmetrical weakness starting in the lower extremities and ascending upward.
What is one evidence-based intervention for treating post-stroke visual spatial neglect?
Visual scanning training.
What is an effective intervention for improving sleep in clients with fibromyalgia?
Establishing a sleep hygiene routine and managing stress through mindfulness.
What is a key focus of home health occupational therapy?
Using the client’s home environment to address functional goals and independence.
How can OTs support clients in maintaining self-identity after a disabling diagnosis?
By focusing on meaningful activities that reinforce their sense of purpose and roles.
Why is energy conservation crucial for individuals with Multiple Sclerosis during daily tasks?
To prevent overfatigue, which can worsen symptoms like weakness, cognitive difficulties, and spasticity.
What is the best sequence to teach someone with hemiplegia how to don an overhead shirt?
Weaker arm → stronger arm → overhead → trunk.
Why are opioids not the preferred treatment for fibromyalgia?
Fibromyalgia involves central pain processing abnormalities, and opioids are ineffective for this type of pain.
Why might virtual caregiver training for dementia management require additional planning?
To ensure the caregiver has the skills and resources to use virtual technologies effectively.
Why is it important for occupational therapists to address intimacy and relationships with clients?
Because these aspects contribute to overall well-being and quality of life.
What intervention can help someone with Parkinson’s Disease improve freezing of gait?
Visual or auditory cues, such as stepping over lines or listening to rhythmic counting.
Why is it critical to educate stroke survivors about safe self-ROM techniques for the affected upper extremity?
To prevent shoulder injuries, such as subluxation or impingement, from improper movements.
What ergonomic advice would you provide to a client with chronic back pain who works at a desk?
Use a chair with lumbar support, keep feet flat on the floor, and adjust the monitor to eye level.
How does palliative care occupational therapy differ from other OT settings?
It focuses on improving quality of life and meaningful engagement despite illness progression.
What type of intervention could help a client with multiple sclerosis manage fatigue during daily tasks?
Teaching pacing strategies, scheduling rest breaks, and using assistive devices to reduce physical strain.
How does spasticity in ALS differ from weakness in Guillain-Barré Syndrome?
Spasticity in ALS is due to upper motor neuron involvement, while weakness in GBS results from lower motor neuron demyelination.
What is the primary focus during the acute hospital phase of stroke management?
Stabilizing vital signs, conducting brain imaging, screening for dysphagia, and determining the cause of the stroke.
What is the primary difference between chronic pain and acute pain in terms of treatment focus?
Chronic pain management focuses on improving function and quality of life, while acute pain treatment focuses on resolving the immediate source of pain.
What is one challenge of providing occupational therapy in a community-based setting compared to a clinic?
Therapists must utilize available resources, which may not always be ideal, to address client needs in real-life environments.
How does an occupational therapist address non-adherence to health management routines, such as a heart-healthy diet?
By focusing on adaptive cooking strategies, kitchen accessibility, and linking the diet to meaningful life goals.