Social Changes & Politics & War of 1812
Who were the biggest losers of the War of 1812?
(Remember: The war was a battle between the Americans and the British over land and trade disputes, think about what other groups were involved)
The Native Americans
Explain the connection between the Northern and Southern economy during the 19th century pre-Civil War:
How did they interconnect?
Southern economy: Cotton-based, cotton would be shipped up North
Northern economy: Industry-based, take cotton from the south and produce materials with it to be sold into finished products
Describe what the belief of 'Manifest Destiny' meant for Americans
Belief that the expansion of the U.S. across American continents was both justified and inevitable, blessed by God himself
Set the precedent for later U.S. Imperialism
___________ _____________ was introduced by Lewis Cass and Stephen Douglas, allowing residents of new territories to vote on the territory being a free or slave territory.
This led to a lot of voter fraud, specifically from border hoppers in Kansas who came from Missouri to force residents to vote for pro-slavery candidates.
Popular Sovereignty
The conflict at _________ ____________, SC, marked the beginning of the Civil War (Feb, 1861)
Fort Sumter
The Founders of our government created in the way that it is to avoid: ______________
Tyranny (Tyrants from ruling)
Anti-feds: Thomas Jefferson, Patrick Henry
List the three Reconstruction Amendments:
13th, 14th, 15th Amendments
In the song "The Twelve Days of Christmas", what did my true love send to me on the 8th day?
8 Maids a-Milking
What spurred the conflict between the U.S. and Britain leading into the War of 1812?
British Impressment, and British Trade Restrictions on the U.S.
Which two groups of people heavily immigrated to the U.S. during the early 19th century? (Pre-Gold Rush)
Irish and Germans
James K. Polk advocated for expansion of U.S. territory during his Presidential Campaign, specifically which territory?
Oregon Territory
Who killed 5 people in the pro-slave town of Pottawatomie Creek, KS, escaped, and was revered as a hero? He eventually tried to lead a large slave rebellion in Virginia (1859), which failed and led to him being hung.
John Brown
List two strengths of the North (Union) and two of the South (Confederacy:
North/Union: Larger population, industrial advantage, Navy, rail network
South/Confederacy: Experienced military leaders, home-field advantage, high motivation to protect slavery, lots of food
What event in Massachusetts led to the government repealing the Articles of Confederation? What was one of the issues with the Articles of Confederation?
Shays' Rebellion,
Fed. Gov. cannot impose taxes - only the states could
No power to regulate commerce
No checks and Balances
What was the loophole in the 13th Amendment?
Abolished slavery, but a person can be submitted back to a life of slavery as a punishment for a crime.
Around 280 million years ago, the continents existed as one landmass called what?
Pangea
The 19th century religious revival was called what?
What was the main factor which motivated change during this revival?
(2nd) Great Awakening
Morality - focusing more on what is truly right and wrong, which led to people putting more focus on social issues in the country (like slavery, alcoholism, women's rights)
Which Supreme Court Case was set the precedent that black people were not citizens of the United States, and therefor had no rights? (Arguably the worst Supreme Court decision ever)
The Mexican American War (1846-1848) ended with the Treaty of ________________ _________________
Also, how much did the U.S. pay for all of the territory that was acquired?
(Hint: First offer was $30 million)
Guadalupe Hidalgo, $15 million
These two candidates from the Republican Party and the Democratic Party debated seven times for the Illinois Senate in 1858, who were they and who ended up winning?
Abe Lincoln (R), Stephen Douglas (D)
Douglas won
The Battle of Antietam was important for the Confederates to win why? (What did they need to gain?)
When they lost, this led to Lincoln enacting the __________________ _________________
Foreign Support
Emancipation Proclamation
Name at least two of the three Key Principles of Federalism:
Division of Power: Authority is split between national and state governments
Dual Sovereignty: Both levels of government have their own set of powers and responsibilities (Would accept Checks and Balances)
Supremacy Clause: The Constitution is the supreme law of the land; federal laws take precedence over state laws.
List two of the provisions of the 14th Amendment we discussed in class:
Grants citizenship to all of those born in the U.S.
Grants Due Process of the law to all U.S. Citizens
Those who took an oath to the Constitution, and take part in insurrection against the U.S. government shall not be able to have positions in public office.
What is the real name for Chicago's "The Bean" structure?
"Cloud Gate", by artist Sir Anish Kapoor, gives a perfect view of the Chicago skyline in its reflective stainless steel surface.
Which group of Native Americans resisted the Indian Removal Act by suing the state of Georgia?
When the Supreme Court ruled in favor of this group, who said basically said, "I don't care" and continued the removal?
Cherokees
Andrew Jackson
The first person to apply steam technology to the world's first successful locomotive:
George Stephenson
After David Wilmot proposed his Proviso over the status of newly acquired territories from Mexico, which he proposed to prohibit slavery in them, the anti-slavery sentiment increased within parts of the government.
This led to the creation of two new political parties in 1848 and 1854, what were those two parties?
Free Soil Party (1848)
Republican Party (1854)
Within three months of Lincoln's election victory, seven states seceded from the Union, who was the first?
South Carolina
The _____ ___________________ _________________ was one of the first black regiments fighting for the Union in the Civil War, led by Colonel Robert Shaw.
54th Massachusetts Infantry
Thomas Jefferson directly opposed the creation of the ________________ whom ______________ was trying to implement, to help the new nation's economy.
National Bank, Alexander Hamilton
Civil Rights Bill
What does Lilo give Stitch to drink in a baby bottle?
Coffee
What happened with the 1824 Election? Who became President?
Congress had to decide who the next president would be, no majority vote
John Quincy Adams
Whose revolt was the deadliest slave revolt in U.S. history, killing over 50 white people and some black people as well?
Nat Turner
The Compromise of 1850 led to a few things happening, list at two:
Resolved border dispute between Texas and New Mexico, Texas gave up land in exchange for the federal government helping with debt
Slave trade banned in Washington D.C.
Fugitive Slave Act
California was admitted as a free state
New Mexico became a free territory
Utah became a slave territory
Congress attempted to pass the ____________ Amendment to prevent Congress from interfering with slavery in any state, it was an attempt to keep states from seceding, ended up not getting ratified
Corwin Amendment (1861)
__________ surrendered to __________ at Appomattox, effectively ending the Civil War.
Robert E. Lee, Ulysses S. Grant
What is the difference between an Anti-Federalist and a Federalist? Name at least one member of each group that we went over in class:
Anti-Feds: Focused more on civil liberties, individualism, and state power
Federalists: Focused more on a strong central government, and the use of implied powers
Biggest difference between the two: How they interpret the Constitution
Feds: Alexander Hamilton, John Adams, John Jay, etc.
The _____________ _______ of 1867 removed the right to vote and seek office for 'leading rebels' or those who were consumed in Confederate ideology.
However, __________ ___________ pardoned those Confederates, allowing them to still be able to run for government positions.
Reconstruction Act
Andrew Johnson
What group of natural pigments affects the color of the hair and skin?
Melanin