GBS
Why is overexertion during therapy contraindicated in clients recovering from GBS?
Overexertion can delay nerve recovery and exacerbate muscle weakness.
what is a common long-term adaptation strategy for both MS and GBS to address fatigue?
Teaching energy conservation techniques such as prioritizing tasks
what type of exercise has been shown to improve motor and non-motor symptoms in early stages of PD?
Intense aerobic exercise
What is the difference between spasticity and flaccidity in ALS, and how does it reflect the progression of the disease?
spasticity is caused by UMN damage while flaccidity results from LMN damage, both can coexist as the disease progresses
What adaptive equipment might be used for a client with advanced PS vs advanced ALS?
PD-weighted utensils to reduce tremors
ALS- Power WC for mobility and communication devices for speech loss
what is the typical progression pattern of weakness in GBS?
In MS, which cognitive function is most often affected and how might an OT address it?
Executive function, OT's can implement memory aids, task sequencing, and environmental modifications
What is the primary NT deficit in PD?
Dopamine
What is the primary cause of death in most individual with ALS?
Respiratory failure
Why is early intervention critical in both PD and ALS?
Early intervention maximizing independence, addressing emerging sx, and supporting long-term planning for progressive impairments.
Gradually increasing activity tolerance restoring functional independence
Why is aerobic exercise recommended for clients with MS but in GBS, overexertion can worsen the symptoms?
Aerobic exercise can improve overall function in MS but in GBS, overexertion can worsen the symptoms.
How does rigidity in PD present and what are two types?
Rigidity present as resistance to passive movements and includes "lead pipe" and "cogwheel" rigidity
what is the focus of OT during the mid-to-late stages of ALS?
Maximizing function, promoting independence with adaptive equipment, and ensuring caregiver support
what is the primary difference in the progression of ALS compared to PD
ALS progressive rapidly and ultimately fate, while PD progresses more slowly and is primarily degenerative
During the acute phase of GBS, what should OT interventions focus on?
Positioning, pain management, and preventing secondary complications
which condition is more likely to present with sensory changes like paresthesia: MS or GBS?
Both-but most common in MS
what intervention can help reduce freezing of gait in PD?
Visual or auditory cues, stepping over lines or listening to rhymic beats
What is a common early sx of ALS?
Progressive weakness, often starting in the hands or feet
Which condition is primarily associated with motor sx and does not typically involve sensory impairments?
ALS
Damage to PNS caused by Demyelination
What is the main different between MS and GBS in terms of the nervous system affected:
MS affects CNS
GBS affects PNS
What is the hallmark motor symptoms often described as a "shuffling gait"?
Bradykinesia, leading to short, shuffling steps
Which motor neurons are affected in ALS?
Both UMN and LMN
How do speech impairments differ between PD and ALS?
PD-soft and monotone due to bradykinesia
ALS- speech becomes slurred and weak due to muscle weakness