Properties of
Hair & Scalp
Hair & Scalp
What is the oily substance secreted by the skin’s oil glands that lubricates the hair and skin?
Mucous
Keratin
Sebum
Helix
Sebum
Sodium chloride is an example of a(n) _____.
atom
compound molecule
element
mineral
compound molecule
What lines are curved and used to blend and soften horizontal or vertical lines?
Single lines
Diagonal lines
Transitional lines
Contrasting lines
Transitional lines
The main ingredient in most shampoos is _____.
water
botanicals
detergent
surfactants
water
An important element in creating a strong foundation and consistency in haircutting and creating shapes is the use of _____.
graduation
long layers
angles
corners
angles
The terms _____ curls and _____ curls are used to describe the direction of pin curls.
square; rectangular
arc base; square
open; closed
clockwise; counterclockwise
clockwise; counterclockwise
Which term refers to a layer that protects the hair from penetration and prevents damage to hair fibers?
Hair cuticle
Medulla
Cortex
Hair Follicle
Hair Cuticle
Change in the form of a substance that does not cause a chemical reaction is a(n) _____ change.
chemical
physical
anion
matter
physical
_____ refers to directional wave patterns that must be taken into consideration when designing a style for a client.
Line
Form
Design texture
Space
Design texture
What are the two basic requirements for a maintaining a healthy scalp?
Cleanliness and stimulation
Scrubbing and oiling
Sunlight and nutrition
Washing and drying
Cleanliness and stimulation
What type of haircutting lines are perpendicular to the horizon, and are used to remove weight to create graduated or layered haircuts, and higher elevations?
Vertical lines
Diagonal lines
Beveled lines
Horizontal lines
Vertical lines
What process shapes and directs the hair into an S pattern through the use of the fingers, combs, and finger-waving lotion, and was the rage in the 1920s and 1930s?
Haircutting
Pin curls
Finger waving
Permanent waves
Finger waving
The major elements that make up human hair are carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur, often referred to as _____.
amino acids
dermal foundation
COHNS elements
keratins
COHNS Elements
The oxidation of haircolor is an example of a _____.
reversible process
physical change
change in the state of matter
chemical change
chemical change
Chemically infused services that make changes in the natural texture, curl, or wave pattern in the hair are considered _____.
harmful
permanent
temporary
useless
permanent
What are two conditioning agents that help restore moisture and elasticity to the hair shaft?
Protein and biotin
Melanin and biotin
Protein and oils
Collagen and niacin
Protein and biotin
What is the line dividing the hair at the scalp, separating one section from another to create subsections?
Tensional
Angular
Laying
Parting
Parting
Backcombing, also known as _____, ratting, matting, or French lacing, involves combing small sections of hair from the ends toward the scalp, causing shorter hair to mat at the scalp and form a cushion or base.
teasing
smoothing
backbrushing
slicing
teasing
The three different types of side bonds that link chains of amino acids together are _____.
hydrogen, ionic, and carbon
oxygen, hydrogen, and salt
hydrogen, salt, and disulfide
ionic, helix, and disulfide
hydrogen, salt, and disulfide
A substance, usually liquid, that dissolves another substance to form a solution is a(n) _____.
solute
solid
immiscible
solvent
solvent
_____-based chemical treatments used for smoothing or straightening are now more readily available but still not considered completely permanent.
Keratin
Oil
Curl
Color
Keratin
_____ shampoos contain special chemicals or drugs that are effective in reducing dandruff or relieving other scalp conditions, and may sometimes be prescribed by a physician.
Clarifying
Balancing
Medicated
Conditioning
Medicated
What hair type requires less elevation and should be left a bit longer when cutting because of shrinkage as it dries?
Dry hair
Straight hair
Curly hair
Coarse hair
Curly hair
_____, also known as serum, adds gloss and sheen to the hair while creating textural definition.
Hair spray
Pomade
Thermal protecting product
Silicone
Silicone
The hair, skin, nails, and glands are part of the _____ system.
endocrine
epidermal
integumentary
lymphatic
integumentary
What is an example of an ammonia compound that is used to perform chemical services in a salon?
Cetyl alcohol
Silicone solutions
Ionization hydroxide
Ammonium hydroxide
Ammonium hydroxide
What element acts as an illusion and helps to create lines of attention in a hair style?
Curves
Color
Space
Density
Color
Which type of shampoo, containing an active chelating agent, should be used when a buildup on the hair is evident and prior to all chemical services?
Clarifying shampoo
Balancing shampoo
Medicated shampoo
Conditioning shampoo
Clarifying shampoo
Cowlicks and whorls are examples of _____ that will affect where the hair ends up once it is dry, especially in the nape.
sections
growth patterns
textures
lines
growth patterns
The correct temperature setting of the iron for thermal curling is determined by the _____.
texture of the hair
size of iron used
length of the hair
type of iron used
texture of the hair