What is the geometric shape of Carbon Tetrafluoride?
Tetrahedral
100
What is the broad definition for organic chemicals?
Carbon containing compounds. (excludes cyanide, cyanate complexes and metal carbonates since these are considered inorganic)
100
How do you name a compound with halogens in them?
Fluoro- Iodo- Chloro- Bromo-
100
What is a dipole moment?
A measure of the degree of charge separation in a molecule. (This allows visualization of charges as vector quantities; meaning that perfectly symmetrical molecules have a 0 dipole moment)
200
What are the two theories of chemical bonding?
Molecular Orbital Theory and Valence Bond Theory
200
If an atom has 5 electron pairs, what 3D shape will it make around the center atom?
Trigonal Bipyrimidal
200
What are aliphatic molecules?
Straight or branched carbon chains.
200
Name the suffixes for the number of carbons in a hydrocarbon chain from 1 - 10.
What are the bond angles of an octahedral arrangement?
90 degrees.
300
Define Molecular Geometry.
The general shape of a molecule, as determined by the relative positions of the atomic nuclei.
300
Carbon dioxide has a linear shape because...?
According to VSEPR, the electrons will arrange themselves so that they are as far apart from each other as possible.
300
What are aromatic compounds? (draw an example)
Compounds containing one or more benzene rings.
300
How do you identify the parent chain of a hydrocarbon?
It is the longest carbon chain. (Tie breaker is with the most substituents)
300
Predicting molecular geometries: What would the 3D shape of Iodine Pentachloride be?
Square Pyrimidal
400
What does VSEPR stand for and what does it mean?
The valence-shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) model predicts the shapes of molecules and ions by assuming that the valence shell electron pairs are arranged as far from one another as possible.
400
What are the bond angles for linear, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, and trigonal bipyramidal arrangements?
Linear: 180. Trigonal Planar: 120. Tetrahedral: 109.5. Trigonal Bipyramidal: both 90 and 120.
400
What about carbon's electron structure makes it the best base molecule for organic compounds? (think about electrons and bonding behavior)
It is not likely to ionize; always forms 4 bonds.
400
What is the difference between an amide and an amine? Draw every form of both.
An amide has an oxygen double bonded to a neighboring carbon.
400
How do you determine the number of hydrogens in a pure carbon chain with only single bonds?
number of carbons x2 +2.
500
How many pi bonds does COF2 have? How many sigma bonds?
3 sigma bonds. 1 pi bond.
500
What is the bond angle for water? Why is this the case?
The bond angle is 105 degrees. This is because the lone pairs of electrons have more of a repulsive effect on the bonded hydrogens due to their proximity; the hydrogens will be pushed closer together.
500
DAILY DOUBLE!!!!! Silicon based life forms are often talked about in science fiction as an alternative base molecule. If we were to suddenly have all of our carbons swapped out for silicon, would be still exist? Why or why not?
No, Silicon has d orbitals that make it more reactive, it does not bond as tightly to other silicon atoms, and is too large for overlapping p orbitals that form pi bonds between like molecules.
500
DAILY TRIPLE: What are the names of the following compounds (drawn on the boards)