Humidity & Bland Aerosols
this is the difference between a gas's absolute humidity & body humidity
Humidity Deficit
the mass of drug leaving mouthpiece as aerosol
Emitted Dose
heating limestone in contact with water produces
CO2
dissociate completely & irreversibly in water, dramatically change pH of solution
Strong Acids
the sum of the anatomic shunt & capillary shunt is called the
Absolute (True) Shunt
this humidifier consists of absorbent material that increases surface area for dry air to interface with heated water
Wick Type Passover Humidifier
measures aerosol weight
Gravimetric Analysis
simplest, least expensive flowmeter device
Flow Restrictor
the concentration of hydrogen ions measured in the body are called
pulmonary capillary perfusion is in excess of alveolar ventilation in this type of shunt
Relative Shunt
add 5-90 mL of dead space
Heat Moisture Exchanger (HME)
these agents may cause increased ocular pressure
Anticholinergics
this type of flow meter is not gravity-dependent, making it ideal for patient transport
Bourdon Gage
the chemical buffer system generates more hydrogen ions and decreases the concentration of bicarbonate ions in response to
Alkalosis
in this type of hypoxia, the PaO₂ is normal but oxygen-carrying capacity of hemoglobin is inadequate
Anemic Hypoxia
these add humidity, heat, or both to inspired gas by chemical or electrical means
Active HMEs
these are used mainly for bland aerosol therapy or sputum induction
Large Volume USNs
delivers FiO₂ of 40-70%
Partial Rebreathing Mask
this determines if a patient's metabolic acidosis is caused by the accumulation of fixed acids or an excessive loss of bicarbonate
Anion Gap
increased ventilation and decreased perfusion in the upper lung will cause the V/Q ratio to be (high or low)?
High V/Q
the recommended level of humidity is at least 30 mg/L for these patients
Intubated Patients
iloprost and treprostinil are used in the treatment of
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
separate pressurized air & O₂ to allow precise control over FiO₂ & total flow output
Blending Systems
salicylate intoxication, renal failure, and uncontrolled diarrhea are all common causes of
Metabolic Acidosis
the between volume of oxygen consumed (VO₂) & volume of carbon dioxide produced (VCO₂)
Respiratory Quotient (RQ)