Middle Ages/Bubonic Plague
What was the shape of a medieval city, and why?
It was round with high walls and the castle in the middle for defense.
Why did Europeans want to explore?
For God, Gold, and Glory
Rebirth of art, culture, beliefs, and ideas/technology
What is the Renaissance?
These people drank, gambled, married, uneducated, and corrupt
Who where the people of the church? (priests, pope)
Made up 98% of the population and banded to together to revolt
What was the Third Estate?
Plague doctors stuffed their masks with (blank) to keep out the stench of dead bodies.
Herbs, seeds, flowers
Contact during Crusades spurs demand for?
SPICES! (but also money, silk, and other things from Asia)
Intellectual movement focused on human achievements. Humanists studied classical texts, history, literature, philosophy
What is Humanism?
And soon the 95 theses (thesis) was spread all around because of a new piece of technology
What is the printing press?
Group of citizens (mostly from the Third Estate) that tried to establish fair rules for the people of France.
What was the National Assembly?
What did the Church tell the people to do about the plague?
The Church told the people to just pray and believe in god, and they would not die. They believed the Church, but they were lying on this.
European Christians believed that it was their duty to convert people in the Middle East.
What are The Crusades?
Crusades, the Black Death, rise of the middle class, Age of Exploration
Why did the Renaissance happen?
These people stood against the church. (John Wycliffe, Jan Hus, Desiderius Erasmus, Thomas More, Martin Luther)
Who were the Protestants? (Reformists)
A group that called for the death of the royals
Who were the Jacobins?
Hierarchy where the peasants pay money to the people above them and so on.
What is Feudalism?
These objects make exploration possible
What is technology?
(In 1400s, the caravel makes it possible to sail against wind. Astrolabe makes navigation easier. Magnetic compass improves tracking of direction).
Caravels: A small but sturdy and fast sailing ship used by the Portuguese to travel great distances and hold large amounts of supplies
Compass: A magnetized instrument that shows true north direction regardless of your location on Earth
Astrolabe: An instrument used to tell the altitude of objects based on celestial bodies (IE: using the moon and stars to gauge how far/high objects are)
Cartography: The science of making accurate maps
Sextant: An instrument that measures angles and distance based on the horizon and celestial bodies
People had more time to focus on themselves and their own lives because times were thriving. In art there was a focus on the individual person
What is Individualism?
In 1555, there was a peace treaty that allowed each German prince to control the religion of their own state (section)
What was the Peace of Augsburg?
On July 14, 1789, a building was robbed by an angry and aggressive mob of people.
What was the storming of the Bastille?
Complex set of ideals that a knight would bravely defend their masters, God, their lord, and women
What is the Knight's Code and Chivalry?
Dutch government, not a monarchy
What is the Dutch East India Company?
The reflection of the ideals, style, trends, and new ideas of the Renaissance.
What is Renaissance art?
Group of people after the reformation that tired to better the church
What was the Council of Trent?
Allegedly short tyrant that turned France into an empire.
Who was Napoleon?