Identifying conditions
If you are experiencing this you have what? sweating and peeing less. flushed, nausea, headaches, chills, dizziness
heat related illness
Heat exaustion
Dehyration
How do you treat a blister?
If a blister becomes swollen with blood or is under calluses do not drain them. Otherwise draining some the fluid will cause relief for worse blisters. After draining the fluid with something sterile use paper tape or a sturdy bandage that will prevent further friction.
What are the four steps for administering first aid?
Scene size-up
Primary assessment
Secondary assessment
Soap note
What should you do for throat pain?
Gargle warm or salt water and take pain meds like motrin
What should you do for a severe allergic reaction?
remove allergen. Use EpiPen. May repeat in five to fifteen minutes if initial dose is ineffective or symptoms recur. Add all Mild and Moderate allergic reaction medicine
Which issue is this? Pale, white, waxy, hard skin; numbness (may feel like a “chunk of wood”). Blanching of extremities (pinking of nail bed after pressure takes three seconds or more). Blisters (clear). Mottled, dusky, “bluish” skin.
Frost Bite
How do you deal with an insect bit or sting?
Remove tick by pulling near the head or a stinger by scraping. Clean with soap and water. Use Benadryl for local inflammation/itchiness.
What is the goal of the scene size-up?
The goal is to prevent you or the patient from getting hurt/hurt further
What should you do for ear pain/tenderness?
Flushed with warm water using a medicine syringe and take pain meds
What should you do for a major cut or scrape?
•Control Bleeding-Stop/slow bleeding with pressure or a tourniquet depending on where it is at
•Irrigation-Clean wound with drinkable water
•Wound Closure- Covering the wound with gauze/band-aids
What is the main difference between heat exhaustion and heat stroke?
Heat stroke victims have altered level of consciousness
How do you treat Frostbite?
Primary treatment is the rapid rewarming of frozen extremity only if there is no risk of refreezing. Water should be hottub temperature (98-102). Keep affected extremity submerged for twenty to thirty minutes, or until skin becomes soft and returns to normal color (likely need to reheat water). Motrin for pain. Dress with clean gauze between fingers or toes and around extremity. Do not rewarm with radiant heat (fire).
What is the difference between a primary and secondary assessment?
Primary assessment is about treating the most people while focusing on a person's vital signs while secondary is a full physical; assessment while continuing treatment
What should you do for an issue with the eye?
irrigate with clean drinking water or dab with a clean cloth
How do you treat major burns?
Ensure the scene is safe and extinguish burning things. Remove constricting clothing/jewelry. Flush/soak burn in cool water. Wash burns with soap and water. Dress burns in antibiotic ointment and gauze. Elevate extremity (reduces swelling). Hydrate and monitor for infection
What are the three types of burns and what are their major identifiers?
1st: surface level, redness,
2nd: deeper burns that cause blisters and severe pain.
3rd: deepest burn type that is either white or hard. may not be able to be felt
How do you treat Mild to Moderate Allergic reacion?
Remove allergen. Take benadryl or pepcid. apply calamine lotion for rash
What is the ABCDE method?
•Airway
•Breathing
•Circulation
•Decide/Disability
•Exposure/Environment
What should you do for a nosebleed?
Sit the patient upright, then blow both nostrils hard to evacuate the clot. Pinch and hold the nose at the nostril crease. Hold constant pressure for fifteen minutes. If unable to control bleeding, consider packing the nose with gauze (soak gauze in regular (non-herbal) tea to assist with constriction of the blood vessels). If it stops on its own, consider applying antibiotic ointment inside the nostril to prevent rebleeding
What should you do for an impaled object?
•Do not Remove the Object!!
•Object may be preventing victim from more severe bleeding
•Put Bulky dressing around it and secure both the object and the dressing well
What are the differences between the three types of allergic reactions?
Mild: red or blotchy skin with itchiness and burning
Moderate: skin rash and swelling. throat and abdominal pain
Severe: shortness of breath. tongue and lip swelling. altered level of responsiveness
How do you treat a minor burn?
Remove constricting clothes or jewelry. Immediately soak or flush burn with cool water (not hot or cold as this can create inflammation since the skin is sensitive) put on aloe or other burn cream
What should be included in the SOAP note?
Subjective/summary
Objective/observation
Assessment
Plan
What should you do for someone who is choking and unable to speak or cough?
The Heimlich maneuver/ abdominal thrust maneuver
What should you do for seizures?
Protect patient (move patient away from environmental hazards). Place pad under head if generalized seizure. If patient appears to be choking or turns blue, use head tilt/jaw thrust maneuver to open airway. Never put your finger or another object in a seizing person’s mouth. Once recovered, position patient in recovery position. Perform complete physical exam to check for injuries.