Bleeding
What is the golden rule to remember when dealing with other peoples bodily fluids?
Treat them all as potentially infectious
Signs and symptoms of exertional dehydration? Treatment?
Fatigue, thirst, lightheadedness. Remove from enviornment, provide water.
What does FAST stand for and what emergency does it look for?
Face
Arms
Speech
Time
Looking for stroke symptoms
What is your first step before beginning CPR?
Check for scene safety
What does SAMPLE stand for?
Symptoms
Allergies
Medications
Past medical history
Last oral intake
Events leading up to
What is the most effective way to stop bleeding? (Bonus for what supplies are needed)
Direct pressure
(Gauze, gloves PPE!!)
Signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion? Treatment?
Weakness, heavy sweating, thirst, possible cramping, headache, nausea, vomiting, feeling faint.
Move to cooler place, loosen/remove excess clothing, apply cool/wet towels to head back of neck armpits exposed skin, electrolytes or water, if no improvement activate EMS
What causes sudden & secondary cardiac arrest?
Sudden: Abnormal electrical activity in the heart
Secondary: Loss of oxygen = heart stop (choking, drowning)
How many compressions to breaths do you give an adult?
30:2
What does DOTS stand for and what is it used for?
Deformities
Open wounds/injuries
Tenderness
Swelling
Checking for signs of injury
What do you do if they bleed through the first gauze?
Apply more on top, do not remove the original gauze!!
Signs and symptoms of heat stroke? Treatment?
All the same symptoms as heat exhaustion, altered mental state, confusion, unresponsiveness, high core body temperature.
Activate EMS, move person to cooler place, remove excess clothing, cool towels, DO NOT GIVE THEM ANYTHING TO EAT OR DRINK
What are signs & symptoms of a heart attack?
Chest pain, shortness of breath, heavy sweating, fear of impending doom, denial, back pain (women), feeling of indigestion (women)
What is the correct compression rate per minute for an adult?
100-120
Activate EMS, stabilize above and below the broken bone
What position should a person be in when controlling a nose bleed & where should you be holding?
The head should be tilted forward while pinching at the bridge of the nose (just under the bony part
How do we provide first aid for cold related illnesses?
Move person to warmer place, remove wet or cold clothing, provide warm water to skin or blankets, activate EMS if condition doesn't improve
How do we manage anaphylaxis?
Help administer an epi pen if they have one, activate EMS
How many compressions to breaths do you give to a baby when alone vs 2 rescuers?
30:2
15:2
What should you advise somebody to look out for after you have rescued them?
Excessive coughing, difficulty breathing, or anything abnormal.
How to prevent this in the future (provide flotation)
What is a potential emergent condition that can come from excessive bleeding? Give me signs/symptoms and how to treat it?
Shock
Pale, cool, sweaty, diminished responsiveness, confusion, altered mental state.
Early recognition, call 911, lay person down and raise feet above heart (12in)
A member who has been sitting outside in 105 degree weather appears unresponsive and warm to the touch, what is your next course of action to care for this member?
Activate EMS, move to cooler place if possible, begin to attempt to cool
How do we respond to fainting?
Lay flat or recovery position, monitor consciousness, activate EMS
What is the compression depth for an adult?
2 inches
What are the 5 reasons you would STOP CPR?
You are too tired to continue
The scene becomes unsafe
Somebody of higher training arrives (EMS)
Signs of life
AED is analyzing