Steps to follow when on scene
The first and second steps of when on scene
What is check the scene and call 911
The two main kinds of broken bones and a little description of each
What is closed, which is when the bone is broken but doesn't break the skin, and open, which is when the bone comes through the skin
This color of urine can indicate dehydration
What is dark brown
This is when an artery that supplies blood to the heart is blocked and causes death of the heart muscles. Some warning signs include pressure and squeezing in the chest area, and that pain might radiate to the left side, weakness, shortness of breath, and sweating
What is a heart attack
Treatment for a nosebleed
What is, lean the person forward and pinch the fleshy part of the nose, can also put a tissue in the nose to prevent further bleeding
The ABCs of EMS
What is Airway, Breathing, Circulation
How do you help treat a broken bone
What is stabilization with two splints or a SAM splint, then above and below the broken part, wrap it so the splint stays on, but check for a pulse afterward to make sure the wrapping isn't too tight.
A person loses more heat than they can generate with treatment being, move them to a warmer area, change into dry clothes, and wrap them in blankets
What is hypothermia
This device is paired with CPR to give a shock to the heart and jump-start the heart's electrical conductive system.
What is an AED
These are the treatments for a nonvenomous snake bite
what is clean the wound with soap and water, use an antiseptic wipe, and cover with a bandage
- moist, clammy, cool, and pale skin
- a quick but weak pulse
- weakness
- shallow, rapid, and irregular breathing
What are the signs and symptoms of shock
Involuntary contraction of a muscle due to the electrolyte decrease in the body. The treatment is rest and drink something with electrolytes in it.
What is a muscle cramp
What is frostbite
When doing CPR, how many compressions and breaths should you give
What is 30 compressions and 2 breaths
Treatment for an object in the eye
First, look at the eye and inspect if there are any eyelashes that are folded in, dirt, or debris. Tears might flush it out, or you can pour water on the eye to flush it out
What does DCAP-BTLS mean when making a thorough exam of the patient
What is deformities, contusions, abrasions, punctures, burns, tenderness, lacerations, and swelling
A ____ is when an ankle, wrist, or other joint has bent too far. A ___ is when a muscle is overstretched causing a tear in the mucle fibers
What is a sprain and a strain
Describe each of the three degrees of burns (First, Second, and Third)
First: mild burns that only affect the top layer of the skin, but will cause a painful redness
Second: This burn is a little deeper, and blisters will start to form
Third: This burn burned through all of the layers of the skin
What do you do if someone starts chocking
Ask if they are choking (hands over throat is a sign), 5 back blows, then abdominal thrusts
What to do when someone is having a seizure
Move away anything the person might hit
Let the person seize
Don’t put anything in their mouth
Make sure the airway is open
The 8 steps of when on scene
What is 1) check the scene, 2) call 911, 3) Approach Safely, 4) Provide urgent treatment, 5) protect from further injury, 6) treat for shock, 7) make a thorough exam, 8) plan a course of action
What does RICE mean when treating for a sprain and strain
What is rest, ice, compression, and elevation
Give me the signs and symptoms, plus treatment for heat stroke
S/S: collapse, confusion, disorientation, a rapid pulse, shallow breathing, vomiting, seizures
Tx: call 911, move person to shade or AC room, loosen tight clothes, fan patient, wet towel, ice
Tell me the stroke FAST test
Face (ask them to smile and look for facial drooping), Arms (ask them to hold their arms up and look to see if one of the arms starts to fall down), Speech (listen for slurred speech), Time (get them to the hospital quickly)
Treatment for venomous snake
Remove any rings or jewelry that could cause problems
Wash wound
Put the bitten part lower than the heart
Treat for shock
Don’t suck the wound, apply a tourniquet, or ice