Basics & Scene Safety
What are the "3 C's" you should follow in order whenever you respond to an emergency?
Check, Call, Care
How many chest compressions per minute should you aim for when doing CPR (matching the rhythm of the song "Stayin' Alive")?
100 to 120 beats per minute
What is the very first and most important technique you should use with a clean cloth or gauze to control severe bleeding on a wound?
Direct Pressure
What should you never put into the mouth of a person who is actively having a seizure?
Anything
During a basketball game, Jordan lands awkwardly and severely rolls their ankle. While waiting for the athletic trainer to arrive with ice, Jordan reaches down to untie and pull off their basketball shoe. What should Jordan do with the shoe instead, and why?
Tie the shoe tighter because the tight shoe acts as compression to keep the ankle stabilized and prevent severe swelling.
What law protects you from getting sued when you step in to help someone in an emergency without expecting payment?
Good Samaritan Laws
How deep must you push down into the chest during adult CPR to effectively pump blood to the brain?
At least 2 inches
If a person has a bleeding injury on an arm or leg, why should you raise the injured limb above the level of their heart while applying direct pressure?
Gravity slows the blood flow & reduces swelling
What is the name of the position where you roll an unconscious, breathing person onto their side to keep their airway open?
The Recovery Position
When icing a swollen ankle or bruised knee, why should you wrap the ice pack in a towel instead of placing bare ice directly on the skin?
Protect the skin from frostbite or tissue damage
If a person is unconscious or unable to speak, what kind of consent allows you to help them because it is assumed they would want aid?
Implied Consent
What emergency occurs when a blocked artery stops blood flow to part of the heart where the victim usually stays awake and complains of chest pressure?
Heart Attack
Exactly how far above a severe limb injury should you position a tourniquet, making sure never to place it directly over an elbow or knee joint?
2 to 3 inches above
How many minutes must a seizure last before it automatically becomes a life-threatening emergency requiring an immediate 911 call?
5 minutes
What does each letter in the sports injury acronym P.R.I.C.E. stand for when caring for a joint or muscle injury?
Protect, Rest, Ice, Compress, Elevate
Why should you always wear gloves and treat all blood or body fluids as if they carry dangerous germs?
Universal Precautions
Why is it critical to let the chest come all the way back up (full chest recoil) between every single compression?
Allow Heart to refill with blood
When helping someone with a nosebleed, why should you have them lean slightly forward and pinch the soft part of their nose, instead of tilting their head back?
Can cause choking or upset the stomach. Leaning forward lets the blood drain safely while direct pressure stops the bleeding.
Into which specific part of the body should you firmly press an EpiPen and hold it for 3 seconds?
Middle-Outer Thigh
While a ligament connects bone to bone, what two parts of the body are connected by a tendon?
Muscle to bone
What is it called when people in a crowd freeze and do nothing during an emergency because they assume someone else will help?
The Bystander Effect
What life-threatening condition occurs when an "electrical problem" causes the heart to suddenly malfunction, beat chaotically, and abruptly stop pumping. This causes the person to collapse, lose consciousness, and stop normal breathing.
Sudden Cardiac Arrest
Once a tourniquet is secured in place, what important piece of information must be recorded?
Time of Application
What is the medical name for a severe, whole-body allergic reaction that swells the throat and makes breathing difficult?
Anaphylaxis
What is the difference between a muscle cramp (like a "charlie horse") and a muscle strain?
Cramp- is a sudden, temporary muscle spasm
Strain- actual tearing or over-stretching of muscle fibers