First Aid Fundamentals
This is the immediate care given to someone who is injured or ill to minimize the effects of their condition.
What is first aid?
This acronym represents the four components of CPR: circulation, airway, breathing, and defibrillation.
What is C-A-B-D?
This type of wound occurs when the skin is scraped off.
What is an abrasion?
Poisoning can occur through these four methods of exposure.
What are ingestion, inhalation, injection, and skin contact?
This condition is caused by prolonged exposure to cold and occurs when body temperature drops below 95°F.
What is hypothermia?
This is the first thing you should do before approaching an accident victim.
What is check the scene for safety?
This is the compression-to-ventilation ratio for one-person adult CPR.
What is 30:2?
This type of wound has jagged, irregular edges caused by tearing tissue.
What is a laceration?
This organization should be contacted when someone has swallowed a potentially poisonous substance.
What is Poison Control?
These are three common signs of heat exhaustion.
What are pale/clammy skin, excessive sweating, weakness, headache, nausea, or dizziness?
This process prioritizes treatment by treating life-threatening emergencies first.
What is triage?
Adult chest compressions should be performed at approximately this depth and rate.
What are 2 inches deep and 100–120 compressions per minute?
These are the four methods used to control bleeding.
What are direct pressure, elevation, pressure bandages, and pressure points?
This type of burn destroys all layers of the skin and may affect fat, muscle, and bone.
What is a full-thickness (third-degree) burn?
This medical emergency occurs when the body can no longer eliminate excess heat, and body temperature may exceed 105°F.
What is heat stroke?
You should avoid doing this to an injured victim unless they are in a dangerous area.
What is moving them?
What are 2 inches deep and 100–120 compressions per minute?
What are abdominal thrusts?
Pale or cool skin, a rapid weak pulse, excessive sweating, and restlessness are signs of this life-threatening condition.
What is shock?
When treating a chemical burn on the skin, flush the affected area with large amounts of water for this length of time.
What is 15–30 minutes?
This injury involves stretching or tearing of ligaments, commonly occurring in ankles and wrists.
What is a sprain?
Name three important pieces of information you should give EMS when they arrive.
What are the situation, actions taken, victim's condition, location, number of victims, or other relevant details?
During a two-person infant CPR rescue, this is the compression-to-ventilation ratio.
What is 15:2?
A victim has a piece of glass deeply embedded in their arm. You should do this rather than attempting to remove it.
What is leave it in place and obtain medical help?
A person spills a chemical on their arm. Name two immediate first-aid actions you should take.
What are flush the skin with large amounts of water and remove contaminated clothing or jewelry?
When applying a splint, it must be long enough to immobilize these two joints in relation to the injured area.
What are the joints above and below the injury?