Ch.8
How do you care for cuts and scrapes?
1. If the wound is bleeding significantly apply direct pressure until it stops.
2. Rinse the wound for 5 minutes with clean, running water.
3. Apply an antibiotic ointment or cream and bandage the wound.
Have the person lay as still as possible until EMS arrives.
What are the 4 most common bone, muscle and joint injuries?
Strain, Sprain, Discolaction, Fracture
What are the 2 heat-related illnesses?
Heat Exhaustion, Heat Stroke
What are the 4 different kinds of poisons?
Swallowed, Inhaled, Absorbed, Injected
What are the 5 different kinds of burns?
Superficial, Partial Thickness, Full Thickness, Chemical Burns, Electrical Burns
How do we treat for a concussion?
Advise the person to immediately stop all activity and follow up with a qualified healthcare provider as soon as possible.
What does the acronym R.I.C.E. stand for?
I: Immobilize
C: Cool
E: Elevate
What are the 4 aggressive cooling techniques?
1. Immerse body in cold water
2. Immerse forearms in cool water
3. Pour water on torso
4. Fan skin
What to do if someone has carbon monoxide poisoning?
Treat the person for inhaled poisoning without going into the space with the poison.
Because they will choke on the blood.
What should we do if someone if having a seizure?
1. Protect the person from injury by:
- moving objects that could cause injury
- protecting the person's head with a soft object.
2. Do not try to hold the person down.
3. Roll the person into the recovery position. The person may be drowsy and disoriented for up to 20 minutes.
What are the 3 different kinds of splints?
Soft splint, Rigid/Hard splint, Anatomical splint
Superficial Frostbite, Deep Frostbite.
What do we do if someone if poisoned caused by alcohol or drugs?
Give them Naloxone and monitor the victim.
What do you do for Impaled Objects?
1. Leave the object in place.
2. Stabilize the object without putting direct pressure on it.
3. Secure the dressings in place.
Why don't we give someone insulin if they are having a diabetic emergency?
We are not professionals, and do not have the authority to diagnose that the insulin is the problem.
What are the 2 different kinds of slings?
Regular sling, Tube sling
What do we do if someone has Mild Hypothermia?
1. Keep horizontal
2. No standing or walking for 30 minutes
3. Apply heat to the upper body
4. Provide a high calorie food and drink
5. Monitor until EMS arrives
6. Call EMS if there is no improvement
How do we care for tick bites?
Brush off the tick, or
1. Use tweezers to grasp the tick by the head as close to the person's skin as possible.
2. Pull upwards without twisting until the tick releases its hold. If you cannot remove the tick or if its mouthparts stay in the skin, the person should seek medical attention.
3. If the tick is removed, wash the area with clean water.
4. If the area becomes infected or the person develops a fever or rash, the person should seek medical attention.
What do we do if we have to apply another dressing for a chest injury?
What should we do in a mental health crisis?
1. Provide reassurance and support.
2. Offer self-help strategies such as breathing exercises.
When should use a splint or a sling?
If we have to move the person.
What do we do if someone is experiencing Severe Hypothermia?
1. Treat as moderate hypothermia and
- If there are no obvious vital signs, do a 60 second breathing check
- If they are not breathing, start CPR
2. Call EMS
How long do a flush a stings from marine life for?
30 seconds with vinegar, if vinegar is not available use baking soda and water to make a paste and leave it on the area for 20 minutes.