CPR Basics
What is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for CPR?
30:2
What is the first step to take when someone is choking but can still cough?
Encourage them to keep coughing (Their body is trying to clear the blockage.)
What is the first thing you should do to control severe bleeding?
Apply direct pressure to the wound (Stops the bleeding quickly.)
What are the signs of heat exhaustion?
Dizziness, sweating, nausea, weakness, pale skin.
During lunch, Emma starts coughing hard while eating. She soon stops coughing and looks panicked—she cannot speak or breathe. What should you do next?
If someone is choking and cannot speak or breathe, back blows and abdominal thrusts should be performed to dislodge the object.
How deep should chest compressions be?
2inches (5cm)
What should you do if a child is choking and unable to speak or breathe?
Perform 5 back blows followed by 5 abdominal thrusts (To dislodge the object.)
What are signs of shock after a major injury?
Cold, clammy skin, confusion, rapid pulse, dizziness, etc.
How can you help someone who is having an allergic reaction?
Administer an epinephrine auto-injector (EpiPen) if available and call for emergency help.
Jackson falls on a sharp rock while hiking and suffers a deep cut on his leg. Blood is steadily flowing from the wound. What should you do next?
The first step in controlling severe bleeding is to apply direct pressure to the wound to slow or stop the bleeding.
How many compressions per minute should you aim for?
100-120 compressions per minute
When should you start CPR on a choking victim?
If the person becomes unconscious and stops breathing, begin CPR immediately.
What’s the best way to handle a nosebleed?
Lean forward slightly, pinch the nostrils, and hold for a few minutes.
How do you treat a sprained ankle?
The RICE method (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) is effective for treating a sprained ankle and reducing swelling.
During lunch, Olivia accidentally eats food containing peanuts. She starts coughing and her face swells. What should you do next?
Administer her EpiPen, call 911, and monitor her breathing.
When should you stop performing CPR?
When emergency personnel take over, the person revives, or you become too exhausted to continue safely.
What should you do if you are choking and you are alone?
Perform abdominal thrusts on yourself using a firm surface (like a chair) to force the object out.
What should you do if someone hits their head and feels dizzy?
Have them rest and watch for signs of a concussion, like confusion or nausea, and perform concussion protocol.
What signs of dehydration?
Dehydration can cause dry mouth, dark urine, dizziness, and fatigue due to a lack of fluids in the body.
While playing soccer, Noah suddenly clutches his chest and collapses. He is unresponsive, not breathing, and has no pulse. What should you do next?
If someone is unresponsive, has no pulse, and is not breathing, CPR should be started immediately, and an AED should be retrieved as soon as possible.
How often should you switch rescuers during CPR to avoid fatigue? (under 10 mins)
every 2 mins
A camper is choking, loses consciousness, and collapses. What should you do next?"
Call 911, begin CPR, and check the airway for the obstruction between breaths.
How do you treat a bee/wasp sting?
Remove the stinger, wash the area, apply ice, and monitor for allergic reactions.
How do you treat a minor burn?
A minor burn should be cooled under running water and covered with a clean bandage to prevent infection.
During a basketball game, Liam falls and his shoulder looks out of place. He’s in severe pain and can’t move his arm. What should you do next?
Immobilize the shoulder, avoid moving it, and call for medical help.