Chapter 1
What is the number(s) you should dial for emergency help?
911
What does it mean to survey the scene?
look for hazards, the cause of injury, number of victims, and decide who needs help first
Permission to receive emergency care granted by a competent adult either verbally or non verbally is...
Consent
How does choking occur?
Choking occurs when the airway becomes either partially or completely blocked by a foreign object (e.g., a piece of food, a small toy, or body fluids, such as vomit or blood).
Can you assist a person with medications?
Yes.
Assisting with medications is always allowed.
- Do not administer medications unless it is allowable by state laws and regulations and you are trained and authorized to do so.
What is the worst thing you can do in an emergency?
To do nothing
What does emergency first aid deal with?
life-threatening condition. it focuses in airway breathing, and circulation emergencies and wounds
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Protective equipment that blocks exposure to a pathogen or a hazardous material.
ex) gloves, masks and eyewear
How do you know if an adult or child is choking?
They are making high-pitched noises or is unable to speak, cry or cough forcefully and have a blocked airway, They will soon become unresponsive unless the airway is cleared.
What are examples of life-threatening sudden illnesses?
- Heart attack,
- Asthma attack,
- Anaphylaxis,
- Diabetic emergency,
- Seizures,
- Shock,
- Opioid overdose,
- Stroke,
- High fever in young children and infants,
- Vomiting, diarrhea, and dehydration in young children and infants
The most important thing you can do in an emergency is to give first aid or CPR? T/F
False
Describe how to care for a heart attack.
Perform CPR until advanced medical personnel can take over. Follow the emergency actions steps: Check, Call, Care. Use rescue breaths to check the airway and chest compressions to restart the heart. The person should be lying on a flat surface in order for the chest compressions to be effective.
When giving breaths to an infant with a face shield, you should cover which body parts of the infant with your mouth?
When giving breaths with a face shield, cover the infant's nose and mouth with your mouth.
5-and-5 Technique
Care for a responsive choking adult or child consists of giving:
- 5 back blows,
- 5 abdominal thrusts.
Stroke (Basic Care)
- After calling 9-1-1, note the time when the signs and symptoms first started,
- Stay with the person and provide reassurance until help arrives,
- If the person is responsive but not fully awake, drooling or having trouble swallowing put them the person in the recovery position,
- Monitor the person until EMS arrives and begins their care.
Signs of an emergency -
Unusual sounds, behaviors, odors, and sights
List the causes of cardiac arrest.
- Valvular heart disease.
- Heart defect present at birth (congenital heart disease)
- Electrical problems in the heart
- Coronary artery disease.
- Heart attack.
- Enlarged heart (cardiomyopathy).
What is the one-hand CPR technique?
For a smaller child, you may use one hand to give compressions if you can compress deep enough.
1. Only use with a small child.
2. Only use if you can compress deep enough.
3. Use one hand instead of two.
4. Place the heel of one hand in the center of the chest.
5. Compress the center of the chest about 2 inches.
How do you ensure effective back blows are given to a choking child?
When giving care to a choking child who is small, you might need to kneel behind them to provide effective back blows and abdominal thrusts.
Asthma Attack (Signs & Symptoms)
Signs and symptoms of an asthma attack include:
- Wheezing or coughing,
- Rapid, shallow breathing or trouble breathing,
- Being unable to talk without stopping for a breath in between every few words,
- Anxiety and fear,
- Change in behavior, including being unresponsive,
- Sweating
Why are lay responders rarely sued for helping in an emergency?
they are protected under the Good Samaritan Law
__________ includes everything you do during the activity, such as wearing a proper safety gear. Follow safe work practices and procedures
staying safe
What is the appropriate depth and rate to use when giving chest compressions to a child?
When giving chest compressions to a child, compress to a depth of about 2 inches and compress at a rate of 100 to 120 per minute.
How do you care for a choking infant that becomes unresponsive?
1. Use the encircling thumbs technique when giving 30 compressions to an unresponsive choking infant.
2. If you see an object in the infant's mouth, use your pinky instead of a larger finger to do a finger sweep.
Remember, only do a finger sweep if you see an object!
Opioid Overdose (Signs & Symptoms)
Signs and symptoms of an opioid overdose include:
- Decreased breathing effort, for example, breathing slowly and perhaps only a few times a minute,
- Unresponsiveness,
- Bluish or greyish colored skin,
- Cardiac arrest