Basic First Aid
Why is it important to be CPR certified?
You never know when you'll need it. CPR is not done by lifeguards, EMS & doctors. Anyone can be placed in a position where they need to perform CPR
What is the proper ratio of compressions to breaths when performing CPR on an infant?
30:2 (adult, child & infant)
What are some signs and symptoms of hypothermia?
- Shivering
- Loss of muscle coordination
- Confusion
What are the legal implications of a first aider?
If conscious first aider MUST obtain permission before starting treatment, unless unconscious.
Why is protective barriers important?
Protects you and the victim from each other
- gloves
-pocket mask
You find a victim lying beside a fallen ladder and suspect a spinal injury. What should you do?
Keep the victim in the position found an restrict further movement.
What are the Primary & Secondary assessment ?
Primary - ABC (Area, Awake, Ambulance, Airway, Breathing, Circulation)
Secondary - S.A.M.P.L.E questions (Semis, Allergies, Past Medical History, Last Meal, Events Prior
What does FAST stand for and what is it used to identify?
FACE (Face, Arms, Speech, Time)
- Suspected Stroke
RICE is used to guide to treat ___. It also stands for ____
RICE is used to guide to treat bone & joint injuries. It also stands for Rest, Immobilize, Cold, Elevate
What is SHOCK and how does one deal with SHOCK?
SHOCK is when there is not enough blood to circulate to the body's vital tissues.
Treatment:
- Assessment of environment for hazards
- Established responsiveness
- WARTS
How can you tell the difference between partial obstruction and full obstruction?
- coughing to silent
- slouched
- unconscious (maybe even nonbreathing)
Are you supposed to remove gauze/badges on a cut?
Never remove gauze/bandage from cuts as it may infect the area. Only add onto old gauze.
What does the AVPU Stand for and when is it used?
AVPU (Alert Voice Pain Unresponsive)
- It is used to determine the level of consciousness
For this type of burn, you have to remove the contaminated clothing and flush the area out with cool water.
Chemical Burn
How do you properly landmark for Adults, Children & Infants?
Adult & Child: place hands on the center of the chest. Landmark on the center of the line drawn between the nipples and position both hands on the sternum
Infant: landmark one finger width below the center of the nipple line and use two fingers for compression