Animals and Plants
What are the 2 B's of Hurry Cases?
(Internal) Bleeding and Stopped Breathing
John is sweaty, pale, and tired. He seems out of it, and hasn't drunken anything in a while. What does John most likely have?
Heat exhaustion.
Should you remove an object from a stab wound/puncture wound?
No. Removing an object could cause more damage/ trigger more severe bleeding?
Jack was playing Ultimate Frisbee when the Frisbee hit him in the nose, causing a nose bleed. What should you do?
Tilt your head down, gently cover your nose with fingers/tissue/cloth. Wait for bleeding to stop. If the bleeding lasts longer than 10-15 minutes, contact a doctor.
(Do NOT tilt your head up/back. I will die on this hill, do NOT tilt your head up.)
When removing a tick, should you twist the tweezers/tick removers?
No. Twisting a tick may snap the body off the head, leaving the head still stuck in the skin. (Not good.)
What does CPR stand for? What bpm(beats per minute) you should reach when doing CPR?
Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation.
100 beats per minute.
List three SPECIFIC (Not heat exhaustion) symptoms of heat stroke.
No sweating, fainting, vomiting, skin is dry and very hot to the touch, rapid pulse, seizures, very contracted pupils, etc...
(Not sweating, irritability, thirst, confusion/disorientation, dizziness, weakness. These are symptoms of both, not specific to heat stroke.)
Should you remove a bandage/gauze if the wound bleeds through?
Absolutely not. NEVER remove bandages/gauze; add more on top.
What does DOTS stand for, and what is it used for?
Deformity, Open wounds, Tenderness, Swelling.
Broken bones or fractures.
What is the best way to mitigate (prevent) wounds from animals?
Stay at a safe distance, do not disturb them.
How do you do the Heimlich Maneuver?
Make a fist with one hand, then place your second hand around the fist. From behind, wrap your arms around the choking person and place you fist right beneath their ribs, center of their chest. Quickly push in and up.
Devin was tying some knots outside on a winter campout. Now, his fingers are stiff, very cold, and slightly blue. What should he do?
If possible, get inside. Slowly warm his fingers up. Wear gloves; use hand warmers.
While rowing a canoe, Colton capsized and hit his head on a rock, creating a large gash. He doesn't lose consciousness. What should you do?
Remove him from the water. (Duh)
Wash the wound, then place gauze over it. Keep pressure to slow/stop bleeding. If it bleeds through, put more gauze. Secure gauze with bandage or wrap.
What are the first three steps of first aid?
Check your surroundings, Call for help, Care for the individual. (Three C's)
Sam Thayer was on a hike, when a snake jumped out and bit his ankle! What should you do to treat the wound?
Wash the wound, apply antibiotics, then cover the wound with a bandage. Call/check up with a doctor.
Give three examples of Hurry Cases.
Choking, severe bleeding/loss of blood, heart attack, severe vehicular accident, allergic reaction/anaphylactic shock, etc...
What is the best thing you can do to prevent heat exhaustion/stroke if you NEED to be out in the sun?
Stay hydrated.
What are three signs a would is infected? How do you prevent infection?
Redness, swelling, or tenderness around the wound, yellow or green fluid/pus, fever, chills, the wound not healing, swelling in lymph nodes, etc...
Keep the wound clean and covered.
What is the recovery position, and when should you use it?
The recovery position is used when someone goes into shock. Place the victim on their side, elevating their legs. Wrap them in a blanket/keep them warm. Talk to them to keep them calm, and give them small sips of water.
Name 5 poisonous plants in New York.
Poison Ivy, Poison Oak, Poison Sumac, Foxglove, Rhododendron, Lily of the Valley, Stinging Nettle, Water Hemlock, Nightshade, Pokeweed, Jinson Weed, Wisteria, etc...
In what cases should you use a tourniquet?
Last case, life-or-death situations. A tourniquet should only be used in situations where stopping blood flow to a limb is vital to keeping someone alive.
Try to get inside. If you can't, get as low as you can. Try to avoid trees or anything tall; strong winds or hail can bring down branches. Cover your head and neck.
How do you remove a fishhook if the barb is lodged in your skin?
What is more painful, a 2nd or 3rd degree burn?
2nd degree burns. 3rd degree burns don't actually hurt that much, since the nerve endings are often destroyed.