General First Aid
4 things you should have in your personal first aid kit.
What are: Bandaids, sterile gauze pads, adhesive tape, moleskin, soap, antiseptic, scissors, latex gloves, mouth-barrier device, eye protection, pencil & paper.
What hurry cases are
What are conditions that threaten a victim's life:
- stopped breathing - no heartbeat - severe bleading - internal poisoning
How to remove a stinger from a person's skin
What is using the edge of a knife blade to scrape away the stinger?
(Don't squeeze it, as that will push more venom into the person's body)
A closed fracture
What is a broken bone that does not cut through the skin?
Dehydration
What is a person giving off (breathing, sweating, urination, digestion) more water than they take in?
The one thing you should treat every accident victim for
What is shock?
The first step in First Aid for stopped breathing
What is to open the airway?
Place victim on back. Clear tongue from airway by pressing on forehead and lifting chin to tilt head back. Check mouth for obstructions.
How you remove a tick
What is grasping the tick with tweezers close to the skin and gently pulling until it comes loose?
(Wash the wound carefully with soap and water, and apply antiseptic.)
A compound fracture
What is a broken bone piercing the skin (fracture plus open wound)?
A sure sign of frostbite
What are grayish-white patches on the skin?
4 things you look for when doing a "quick assessment" of an injured person
What are:
1. Are they breathing? 2. Is their heart beating? 3. Is there severe bleeding? 4. Is there evidence of poisoning?
Wheather or not you should perform the Heimlich Maneuver on a choking victim who is coughing
What is no.
(The Heimlich Maneuver should only be performed on victims who cannot speak, cough, or breathe.)
First aid applied for non-venomous snake bites
What is treating it like a puncture wound?
(Scrub with soap and water. Apply antiseptic. Cover with a bandage. Non-venomous snake bites only cause minor puncture wounds.)
Whether you should keep the clothing on a victim of third-degree burns (and the reason)
What is no
the clothing may be sticking to the flesh
3 of the ways to help a victim of hypothermia
What are:
1. Take the victim into a shelter & get in warm, dry clothes.
2. Offer hot liquids (hot chocolate, soup).
3. Give water bottles filled with warm fluid to hold in the armpit and groin areas.
4. If possible, have the victim breate warm, moist air.
5. Seek medical attention for the victim.
When to move an accident victim with serious injuries before help arrives
What is when the victim is in immediate danger: for example, out of a river or in the path of a fire.
The best way to try to stop severe bleeding
What is direct pressure?
How you treat hyperventalation
What are:
1. Talk quietly to victim and encourage him to calm down and breathe slowly. 2. If necessary, having the victim breathe into a paper bag to help restore carbon diozide to the body.
What are the 5 steps for first aid for broken bones?
1. Check & treat for "Hurry Cases" 2. Treat for shock. 3. Have the victim lie still where you found him. Make him as comfortable as possible. 4. Call for medical help. 5. If you must move the victim, splint the broken bone.
5 steps to treat Heatstroke.
What is to:
1. Move victim to cool, shady spot. 2. Cool any way you can: remove outher clothing; cover w/wet towels; place in cool water; fan; etc. 3. Keep victim lying down w/head & shoulders slightly raised. 4. Monitor victim closely. 5. Get emergency help right away.
The "Good Samaritan Law"
What are laws that protect anyone from making a good faith effort the help the victim of an injury or illness.
(If you try to help someone who is injured, their death or further injury is NOT your fault)
The 5 common signs of heart attack
1. Uncomfortable pressure, squeezing, fullness, or pain in the center of the chest behind the breastbone.
2. Unusual sweating
3. Nausea
4. Shortness of breath.
5. A feeling of weakness.
Whether you should apply ice to a venomous snake bite to help stop the swelling
What is no?
(Do not apply ice to a snakebite. It will not help the injury and can damage the skin and tissue.)
The reason thigh (femur) fractures are especially dangerous
What is the upper leg muscles are strong enough to pull the ends of a broken thighbone into the flesh which can cause serious internal bleeding. The "femural artery" can also be nicked by a moving broken bone.
5 symptoms of Heat Exhaustion.
What are:
1. Pale, clammy skin 2. Nausea 3. Fatigue 4. Dizziness/fainting 5. Headache 6. Muscle cramps 7. Weakness