Heat/Cold Injuries
The 3 types of heat injuries
Heat cramp, Heat exhaustion, Heat stroke
Give an example of a severe bleed
Example:
Something that would cause a leg fracture.
E.g. Car crash
Difference between first and second degree burn.
1st degree SS
pink or red
Swelling of skin
Tenderness
Top layer of skin damaged
Second degree SS
1st degree burns on the outside edges of burn
White or red, waxy, sticky
Blisters
Extremely painful
both layers of skin damaged
What does the Latin term "Pro Fide" stand for?
For the Faith
4 types/degrees of hypothermia
Mild, Moderate, Severe, Immersion
The two types of bleeds:
Closed/Internal and Open/External
If the patient has an upper leg fracture, assume:
Head and Spinal
Name all 4 kinds of burns.
Heat, Chemical, Electrical, Radiation
What comes after "Pro Fide - For the Faith;" in the cadet code of chivalry, and what does it mean?
Pro Utilitate Hominum–For the Service of Humanity
HELP stands for...
Heat Escape Lessening Posture
Difference between internal and external bleeding
Internal: harder to assess, bruised/stiff area, indicated by shock which progressively gets worse
External: blood escapes through open wounds, at risk of infection
Describe how to treat a knee injury (bent leg).
lay down 5 triangulars: thigh, above and below knee, shin, ankle
short splint on both sides of leg
Nail bed test before and after; padding underneath knee
Tie most stable to least stable. Figure 8 ankle.
Name a cause for each of the 4 kinds of burns.
Heat burns
E.g. hot water/steam, campfire, stovetop, friction (rug) burn,
Chemical burns
E.g. bleach, drain cleaner, acid spill
Electrical burns
E.g. exposed outlet, electrical cord/wires
Radiation burns
E.g. the sun, x-rays
Fill in the blank: Today, The Order of St. John is made up of two foundations: The St. John ______ ________ in Jerusalem, and St. JohnAmbulance, which consists of the St. John Ambulance Brigade and the St. John AmbulanceAssociation
Eye Hospital
5 types of heat loss methods
Radiation, Respiration, Evaporation, Conduction, Convection
Describe an arterial bleed and a venous bleed.
Arterial: Bright red, spurts with each pulse, more severe
Venous: darker, steady flow, easier to control, less severe
Do a tubular sling on a team mate properly.
No mistakes
What is the rule of 9s for adults?
9%: head, neck
9%: each arm
18%: front torso area
18%: back torso area
18%: each leg
1% genitalia
Recite the cadet code of chivalry without mistakes.
I promise:
To serve God;
To be loyal to the King and to my Officers;
To observe the mottoes of the Order, which are:
Pro Fide–For the Faith; and
Pro Utilitate Hominum–For the Service of Humanity;
To be thorough in work and play;
To be truthful and just in all things;
To be cheerful and prompt in all I do;
To help the suffering and the needy; and
To be kind to all animals.
Verbally desrcibe treatment of Heat Stroke
1. Lower body temperature
- Move to cooler, shaded areas
- Remove outer clothing (hat, jacket, etc.)
- If possible, immerse in cool water up to their chin
- Cover in damp sheets & fan them
- Sponge casualty w/cool water
- Put cold packs on armpits, neck, groin
2. Once cooled, put casualty into shock position (or recovery position if unconscious)
3. OCC
Describe how to treat an amputation
1. RED, dress with gauze, abpad, and tie w/ broad triangular
2. Call for medical help
3. Wrap amputated part with a clean, moist dressing (if possible)
4. Put it in a clean (watertight) plastic bag and seal it
5. Put that in a second bag/container of crushed ice
6. Tag: date & time, what it is (& location), person
E.g. multiple fingers amputated; take note which finger it is and which side (left or right)
Send it off with medical help
Describe a full treatment of an open upper leg fracture
Do log cabin (nail bed test before and after)
Lay out 7 triangulars at chest, hips, above injury, below injury, knee, shin, ankle
Lay down long and short splint
Tying from most stable to least stable (ensure they are tight); figure 8 on ankle
Describe the treatment of a chemical burn.
Do scene survey and primary survey.
Flush the area with large amounts of cool water. Remove contaminated clothing while flushing. If the chemical is a dry powder, quickly brush off any loose chemical with a cloth before flushing.
Continue flushing the area with water for 15 to 20 minutes.
When the pain has lessened, loosely cover the burn with a clean, lint-free dressing. Wrap loosely with triangular.
Give ongoing casualty care
Name 4 of the 8 Langues (or Tongues) of the St. John Cross. Alternatively, name the 4 of arms of the St. John Cross.
Langues: France, Auvergne, Provence, Italy, Castile, Aragon, Englad, Germany
Arms: Temperance, Justice, Fortitude, Prudence