CPR Basics
What does CPR stand for?
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
What does the “D” stand for in DRSABCD?
Danger
What does the “R” in RICER stand for?
Rest
You find someone with a swollen ankle after PE. Which first aid principle should you apply?
RICER
How many minutes without oxygen before brain damage is likely to occur?
4-6 minutes
(DOUBLE POINTS)
What is the correct compression-to-breath ratio for adults?
30:2
What is the purpose of the “S” step?
Send for help – call 000 or get someone else to do it
How long should you ice an injury each session?
15–20 minutes every 2 hours
Your friend collapses during a game and isn’t breathing. What’s your first step?
Check for danger (D in DRSABCD)
(DOUBLE POINTS)
Name one difference between adult CPR and infant CPR.
Use two fingers instead of 2 hands for compressions
How deep should compressions be for an adult?
About 5cm (1/3 of chest depth)
How can you check for a response from a person?
Talk to them, squeeze their hand, gently shake them, ask them questions
Why is compression important in injury management?
It helps reduce swelling and provides support to the injured area
During a soccer match, a player is bleeding heavily from a cut. Which DRSABCD step does this relate to?
Airway/Breathing - Control bleeding, as oxygen is not travelling around the body as it needs to
True or False – You should remove a helmet from an unconscious motorcyclist. Explain your answer
False - unless it is necessary for Airway or CPR, as it risks injury of the neck
Why is it important to allow the chest to fully recoil between compressions?
It allows the heart to refill with blood for effective circulation
What does the “C” stand for and when should it be used?
CPR – start if the person is unresponsive and not breathing normally
What does "E" stand for, and how does it help in recovery?
Elevation - It reduces blood flow to the area, minimising swelling
You are the only one with first aid training at the scene of a bike crash. The person is unresponsive but breathing. What should you do next?
Place them in the recovery position and monitor breathing
Give 2 signs that someone is in shock
Pale skin, rapid weak pulse, dizziness, confusion, rapid breathing
In what situations should you stop performing CPR? (Give at least 2 examples)
When the person starts breathing normally, when trained help takes over, when you are too exhausted to continue, or when the scene becomes unsafe
Put the DRSABCD steps in the correct order with a brief explanation for each
Teacher discretion
What does the extra "R" stand for, and why has it been added to RICE?
Referral - To emphasise the importance of seeking professional medical advice
You’re helping a sprinter with a hamstring tear. Walk through the exact RICER process you’d follow.
Rest the leg, apply ice 15–20 mins every 2 hrs, use compression bandage, elevate above heart level, refer to medical professional
Explain how you would treat a nosebleed
Sit the person upright, lean forward, pinch the soft part of the nose for 10 minutes, avoid tilting head back