Poison Plants
3 Types of toxic Plants
Poison ivy
Poison oak
Poison sumac
"Leaves of Three, Leave it be"
"Berries of White, Poisoness Sight"
How To Survey:
Is the person’s spine injured? If you come upon an unconscious person but do not know what caused the emergency, you should assume that the head, neck, or back has been injured and take precautions to protect the neck and spine.
2. Is the person breathing, and is the heart beating? If the person appears to be unconscious, pat him or her on the shoulder and ask if everything is OK. If the person doesn’t respond, watch for the chest to rise and fall or to see if the person shows any signs of movement; these are signs of life.
3. Is there severe bleeding? Open rain gear and outer clothing to check for bleeding injuries that might have been hidden by clothing or that might be on the victim’s back side.
4. Are there signs of poisoning? Consider the victim’s appearance and behavior. Look for clues (pill bottles, a fuel container, etc.) that suggest he or she might have ingested a poisonous substance.
Simple Cuts/Scrapes
Wear sufficient clothes that prevent from scraping yourself easily
(if you are going bouldering, don't wear shorts)
When using a knife, use it smartly, utilize the blood/saftey circle method
Be careful and watch where you are going to prevent falls
Info for First Responders
Those who call or go for help should have as much of the following information as possible.
™ Nature of the emergency (heart attack, fire, car wreck, etc.) ® Location of the emergency
® Description of victims and their injuries or illness
™ Time the injuries or illness occurred
™ Treatment the victims have received | ™ Number of people with the victims and their general skill level for first aid
™ Requests for special assistance or equipment, including food, shelter, or care for nonvictims
™ Phone numbers for the people who are with the victims
If possible, write this information on the paper in your firstaid kit so the callers don’t forget anything.
How To Treat
begin first aid by washing the area immediately with rubbing alcohol or degreasing soap (such as dishwashing liquid) and plenty of warm water. Scrubbing is essential, because urushiol clings to the skin like axle grease. Calamine lotion, hydrocortisone cream, and other nonprescription treatments can help relieve itching. Try not to scratch. If the reaction is severe, if the eyes or genitals are affected, or if plant parts were chewed or swallowed, seek immediate medical attention.
Stopped Breathing
Start off by calling emergency services (911)
- Begin CPR and Mouth to Mouth using a CPR barrier
Burns (1st/2nd/3rd)
1st: Sunburn/simple burn
- WEAR SUNSCREEN, allows for the protection of the harmful UV rays and sunburn
- For simple burns, just be cautious and don't do anything clumsy in the places where this can occur such as the kitchen
What to do in an emergency
Take a deep breath. You can’t help anyone if
you panic.
2. Assess the situation and make a plan for how to proceed. Decide what actions you need to take and in what order, a process first responders call triage. Make assignments to other Scouts and bystanders as needed.
3. Send for help. In a true emergency, you will need professional help, so send someone to call 911 or your local emergency number.
4. Focus on the task at hand. You can do only one thing at a time, so do it to the best of your ability.
Where are they found?
Poison Sumac = Grows as a small tree or tall shrub.
= Has leaves of seven to 13 long, slender leaflets with no hair on the stems.
= Leaflets appear in pairs except for the leaflet at the end of the stem.
= Leaves turn deep red in fall.
= Restricted to swampy, boggy areas.
= Often confused with more common forms of sumac.
Poison Ivy
® Grows as a trailing vine, climbing vine, or shrub.
= Has stems of three leaflets that are somewhat shiny with a smooth surface and relatively smooth edges.
Leaves turn bright red, yellow, or orange in
the fall.
= Has a hairy vine.
= Common in wooded areas, especially along breaks in the tree line where sunlight
peeks through.
Poision Oak
= Grows as a woody vine or shrub.
= Has stems of three leaflets (rarely five or more) with toothed or lobed edges like oak leaves.
= Leaves turn bright red in fall.
= Common in wooded areas, dry barrens, and coastal plains; not tolerant of heavy shade.
Poison
First Aid for Swallowed Poisons
1, Immediately take any poison containers to a telephone, call 1-800-222-1222 (the Poison Help line), 911, or your local emergency number, and follow the instructions you are given.
2. ‘Treat the victim for shock and monitor breathing. Do not give anything by mouth unless you are told to do so by medical professionals. Perform CPR if necessary.
3. If the victim vomits, save any vomit in a bowl, cook pot, or plastic bag. It can help a doctor identify the poison and give the right treatment. Do not attempt to make the victim vomit.
First Aid for Inhaled Poisons
Smoke, certain gases, and chemical fumes are poisonous. Inhaling them can cause a person to have trouble breathing and perhaps to lose consciousness. Left untreated, inhaled poisons can cause death.
Symptoms of inhaled poisoning include headache, dizziness, and nausea. Victims can lose consciousness without realizing they are in danger. To treat someone who has inhaled a poison:
1. Check the scene.
2. Approach safely. Make sure you protect yourself from inhaling the poison so you do not become another victim. Enter the area only if you have protective gear or have thoroughly ventilated the area.
3. Move the victim to fresh air. 4. Get medical help.
5. Regularly check that the victim is still breathing and that the heart is beating. If necessary, perform CPR
Frostbite
wear sufficient clothes, make sure no moisture can get into the clothes, which is how most frostbites occur.
Car Crash
Responding to Vehicular Accidents
Vehicular accidents are much like other accidents with one important exception: Because they occur on roadways, you and other bystanders are exposed fo potential danger. In addition to calling for medical help and providing first aid, you should make the scene as safe as possible. Turn off the vehicle's engine and secure the parking brake. If you have access to flares or safety cones, set those up to alert approaching drivers of the accident. (On a twotane road, put them in both directions from the accident.) If you cannot readily secure the scene, do not put yourself in danger trying to do so.
Other Poisonous Plants
= Stinging Nettle. Has hollow hairs called trichomes that inject chemicals that cause a stinging sensation.
= Wisteria. Causes nausea, vomiting, cramps, and diarrhea when ingested.
= Foxglove. Can cause heart failure, as well as nausea, vomiting, cramps, diarrhea, and mouth pain when ingested; can be fatal.
® Lily of the Valley. Causes nausea, vomiting, mouth and abdominal pain, cramps, diarrhea, and irregular heart rate when ingested.
= Rhododendron. Causes vomiting, diarrhea, headaches, muscle weakness, vision problems, and a burning sensation in the mouth when ingested; can be fatal.
= Larkspur. Causes digestive problems, nerve damage, and depression; can
be fatal.
= Water Hemlock. Causes painful, violent convulsions and can lead to death.
Stinging nettle
= Jimson Weed. Causes delirium, incoherence, coma, extreme thirst, and sight problems; can be fatal.
= Pokeweed. Causes stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, and low blood pressure.
= Nightshade. Causes cramps, irregular heartbeat, tremors, and paranoia
Stroke
A stroke occurs when an artery to the brain bursts or is blocked by a clot. When the blood supply to the brain is interrupted, brain cells begin to die.
Because stroke injuries affect the brain, the victim might not be aware of what is happening. Others nearby might not realize what's happening, either. Signs of a stroke depend on the area of the brain that is affected. That is why it is important to know the common warning signals of a stroke, including:
™ Sudden weakness or numbness of the face, arm, or leg (especially on one side of the body) ™ Sudden confusion or trouble speaking or understanding speech ™ Sudden trouble seeing ; ™ Sudden dizziness, with loss of balance or coordination and trouble walking
= Sudden and severe headache with no known cause
If you suspect a stroke, think FAST:
F = Face. Ask the person to smile. Watch for weakness on one side of the face, which will look like a drooping mouth and cheek.
A= Arm. Ask the person to raise both arms. Waich for weakness or numbness in the limbs. Does one arm drift downward?
S = Speech. Ask the person to say a simple sentence such as, “May | have a cookie?” listen for slurred speech.
T= Time. It is time to call 911 or your local emergency number right away if the person cannot perform any one of the simple tasks above or shows any other signals of stroke. Be sure fo note the time the signals began.
Nosebleed
avoid trauma to the nose, if this does happen, tilt forward and wait for bleeding to stop.
A heart attack happens when an artery that supplies blood to the heart is blocked. Heart attacks can damage or kill heart muscles and are a leading cause of death in the United States.
Learn to recognize the warning signals of a heart attack. Then be prepared to take prompt action by calling 911 or your local emergency number. In some cases, you may assist by responding to a heart attack victim’s request for help in finding or opening medications.
Common Warning Signals of Heart Attack
The warning signals of a heart attack may include one or more of the following:
= Persistent, uncomfortable pressure, squeezing, fullness, pain, or a burning sensation in the center of the chest behind the breastbone. The feeling may spread to the shoulders, arms, and neck. It might last several minutes or longer, and it might come and go. The pain is not always severe.
= Unusual sweating. A person experiencing a heart attack may perspire even though a room is cool.
= Nausea. Stomach distress with an urge to vomit is an example of nausea that may occur in a person experiencing a heart attack.
= Shortness of breath. ® A feeling of weakness.
Women and men can experience different warning signs. While women might feel the same heaviness in the chest that men feel, they can also show less obvious symptoms, such as intermittent back, abdominal, and upper-body pain; unexplained fatigue; and dizziness. (These warning signs can also appear in men.)
Should anyone complain of these symptoms, immediately call for medical help. Don’t delay. Be ready to begin CPR if the heartbeat and breathing stop.
Which grow here?
Poison oak is VERY common in the SoCal area, it can be commonly found on woodland hikes, make sure to be extra cautious.
Severe Bleeding
Call 911:
Put on disposable latex-free gloves and eye protection. Then, with a clean cloth or sterile dressing as a pad, use the palm of your hand to apply firm pressure directly over the wound. If a pad becomes soaked with blood, don’t remove it. Place a fresh pad over the first one and continue applying pressure.
2. Apply a pressure bandage (athletic wrap, strips torn from clean clothing, or something similar) to hold the pad in place and maintain pressure. Bind the pad firmly but not so tightly that it cuts off circulation. (You should be able to slide a couple of fingers under the bandage.)
3. When the bandage is on an arm or a leg, check farther down the limb every few minutes for warmth, feeling, and color. If the fingers or toes are numb, pale, or cold, loosen the bandage. Keep the wrap tight enough to control the bleeding. If bleeding resumes, apply firm pressure until it is controlled.
A. Treat for shock and monitor the victim for additional bleeding. If the bleeding does not stop, add more dressings and continue to apply pressure.
Choking
Universal Sign?
(Hands on your neck)
make sure to chew all of your food and don't eat to fast, make sure to know the himelech maneuver and perform on yourself if neccessary.
Reduce Exposure to injury
Be prepared. Always think ahead to what might happen next: Do we have the right gear in case the weather turns cold and wet? Is our stove set up on a stable surface so it can’t tip over and burn someone? If I’m going to use an ax to chop wood, are other Scouts clear of the area? What might be under that rock I’m about to pick up?
= Seek knowledge and skill. Know how to properly use stoves, woods tools, and other potentially dangerous gear. Use gear the right way, and always wear the appropriate personal safety gear, such as safety goggles.
= Know and accept your limitations. Don't be tempted to try something you know is risky, such as swimming in an unsafe area, shooting rapids you aren't prepared for, or climbing a tree to retrieve a snagged bear-bag rope.
® Follow the rules. The BSA has extensive guidelines for many activities, which can be found in the Guide to Safe Scouting. The Sweet 16 of
, Scouting Safety applies to all outings.