Mexican Revolution
Causes of the Mexican Revolution
Social inequality and the concentration of wealth
There was no political freedom
Dispossession of land from the peasants
Quality of popular education decreased
No freedom of expression
Repression and use of force
Workers and peasants lacked labor protection so they were exposed to overexploitation
Called “Jefe Máximo de la Revolución”, and made changes that institutionalized the country, being the founder of the Banco de México, connected Mexico through the buiding of highways, and resumed foreign diplomatic relations.
Plutarco Elías Calles
What’s the name of the party that Vladimir Lenin created?
RSDLP Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
Name and explain two causes for World War 1
Franco Prussian War- France lost two territories (Alsace and Moselle) to the German Empire.
Germany builds alliances with Austria-Hungary & Italy (who wanted Tunisia but France got ahead of them and Tunisia became a protectorate of France)
UK is wary about the advance of Germany’s naval technology, and allies with France, and then Russia.
1908. Annexation of Bosnia & Herzegovina to Austria Hungary.
Dates of Maximato
1928-1934
Developed the principles of an oil industry and persuaded foreign capital to invest in mines and factories.
Porfirio Díaz
Former president who was reelected and was to be president again after Plutarco Elías Calles.
Álvaro Obregón
The October Revolution was a spontaneous attack from Kerensky and Trotsky towards the provisional government, rather than strategic. T/F
False. It wasn't Kerensy and Trotsky, it was Lenin and Trotsky, and it wasn't spontaneous, it was planned, strategic.
Name 4 members of the Triple Entente (Allied powers)
France, Great Britain, Russian Empire, USA, and Italy
Who wrote the Plan de San Luis and did it consist of?
Document in which Francisco I. Madero doesn’t recognize Porfirio Díaz’s government as legitimate, calls an armed uprising of the people on November 20th 1910, and established the maxim “Sufragio Efectivo. No Reelección”
Name of the interviewer with whom Díaz expressed he’d retire in that period, and that he’d welcome any opposing party, supporting and advising it
James Creelman
Name the three presidents we had during the Maximato
Emilio Portes Gil, Pascual Ortiz Rubio, and Abelardo Rodríguez.
Who takes over the USSR once Lenin dies
Joseph Stalin
Name 3 members of the Central Powers
German Empire, Ottoman Empire, Autro-Hungarian Empire
Explain why the 1908 Annexation of Bosnia & Herzegovina to the Austro-Hungarian empire is a contextual event for World War I.
Bosnia & Herzegovina wasn't satisfied being part of Austria-Hungary, as Serbia was looking forward to unify it with them, along with the Slavic people. The annexation made this impossible, and so B&H had nationalist feelings (hence didn't "feel" part of AH), disliked AH, and therefore, its heir to the throne: Francis Ferdinand.
Document in which Emiliano Zapata doesn’t recognize Francisco I. Madero’s government as legitimate for its lack of fulfilling the agrarian promises in his Plan de San Luis, and established that the lands stolen by landowners and caciques –which originally belonged to workers and peasants–, will now return to their dutiful owners.
Plan de Ayala
Name the party that Plutarco Elías Calles created and what each letter stands for
PNR. Partido Nacional Revolucionario.
Who dissolved the Constituent Assembly after the October Revolution and why?
Vladimir Lenin. He dissolved it after his party (the Bolsheviks) lost the elections (which meant his party wouldn't be the one making major decisions over the new Constitution)
Name 2 of the military technology advances that made WWI have millions of deaths, eventually leading to a bloody stalemate.
Big Bertha, Maxim gun, Zeppelin airships, U-Boats, Toxic gas
Explain why the USA got involved in WWI
Germany made a commercial blockade to Great Britain, attacking and sinking any ships that were heading towards GB. Among those sunken ships, were ones that carried American passengers. USA warned Germany not to do it again or it would sever diplomatic relations. Germany did it again (resumed this submarine warfare), and so USA got involved.
Manifesto written by Plutarco Elías Calles to consolidate the opposition against the Carranza’s government
Plan de Agua Prieta
Created the Confederación de Trabajadores de México, gained the favor of the majority of the Mexican population, and ended up exiling Plutarco Elías Calles under the principle of not tolerating challenges to a democratic government.
Lázaro Cárdenas
Explain the Red Terror
Bolsheviks created organization of political and militar intelligence to take care of any nonconformity, and used mass arrests and executions, torture, and concentration camps for any opposition.
What prompted Great Britan to get involved in World War I after not doing so when France asked for support?
The German invasion of neutral territory of Belgium to attack France from another front
Explain the Ypiranga Incident (Mexican Revolution)
Occupation of North American troops in Puerto de Veracruz to prevent the arrival of the German ship "Ypiranga", which transported weapons destined for the government of Victoriano Huerta.