This French woman secretly patronized philosophes and hosted salons.
Who is Madame Geoffrin?
100
This English queen had hundreds of Protestants executed and earned this scary nickname.
Who is Bloody Mary?
100
This loooong war was fought between England and France over the succession to the French throne.
What is the Hundred Years’ War?
100
This mathematician/astronomer outlined his theory for a heliocentric conception of the universe in On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres.
Who is Copernicus?
100
These three G’s explain Europeans’ motives for exploring.
What are God, gold, and glory?
200
This Russian absolute monarch’s reforms were limited by the power of her nobles.
Who is Catherine the Great?
200
This device, invented during the French Revolution, was meant to be a “humane” way to execute a person.
What is the guillotine?
200
This religious war between Catholics and Calvinists was really more of a power struggle between the French Bourbons and the Spanish Habsburgs.
What is the Thirty Years’ War?
200
This mathematician/astronomer was forced to recant his belief that the sun, not the earth as the Catholic Church taught, was the center of the universe.
Who is Galileo?
200
Knowledge of these helped early European explorers sail long distances.
What are ocean currents and/or trade winds?
300
When this Austrian woman succeeded her father and became the first empress of the Holy Roman Empire, it started a war.
Who is Maria Theresa?
300
People convicted of this could be hanged, stoned to death, or (more famously) burned at the stake.
What is witchcraft?
300
This war was actually a continuation of the War of Austrian Succession and was yet another fought between England and France.
What is the Seven Years’ War?
300
This physician’s observations of and experiments on human corpses led to his discovery that the heart, not the liver, was the beginning point of blood circulation.
Who is William Harvey?
300
This Portuguese prince’s navigational schools set in motion the Age of Exploration.
Who is Prince Henry the Navigator?
400
This queen was a politique who worked with both Protestants and Catholics to stabilize England.
Who was Elizabeth I?
400
An outbreak of this disease resulted in the death of approximately 25 million people.
What is bubonic plague?
400
This war ended with the Peace of Augsburg which stated that German princes could choose the religion of their land.
What is the Schmalkaldic War?
400
The Royal Academy of Sciences in this country received financial support, was under government control, and its members were paid by the state.
What is France?
400
This Spaniard conquered the Aztecs in what is today central America.
Who is Hernan Cortes?
500
This French queen of France and later regent has been blamed for starting the Saint Bartholomew’s Day Massacre.
Who is Catherine de Medici?
500
The introduction of this disease through the Columbian Exchange with the New World causes the deaths of almost 90% of the native American population.
What is smallpox?
500
These wars for empire, while successful at (temporarily) ensuring one man’s control over virtually all of Europe, were unsuccessful at attempting to conquer England and Russia.
What are the Napoleonic Wars?
500
This French scientist attempted to convert rationalists to Christianity by appealing to their emotions by arguing that humans were often deceived by their senses and mislead by reason.
Who is Blaise Pascal?
500
This Old World disease almost wiped out the native populations of the New World.