Digestion & Elimination
True or False: Dysuria is 24-hour urine output is less than 400 mL
False - Dysuria is Painful or difficult urination
A nurse is teaching a client about the importance of maintaining a healthy body weight. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
A) "I understand that maintaining a healthy weight can help prevent chronic diseases."
B) "I can lose weight by skipping meals occasionally."
C) "Regular exercise is important for managing my weight."
D) "I should track my food intake to understand my eating habits."
Answer: B) “I can lose weight by skipping meals occasionally”
Which learning domain involves storing and recalling new knowledge in the brain?
A. Cognitive
B. Psychomotor
C. Affective
D. None of the above
A. Cognitive
Contains 2/3 of the body's total water volume?
What is intracellular fluid?
The doctor orders 4mg of zofran for your patient with nausea. How many ml will you draw up and administer?
Vial labeled: Ondansetron 4mg/2mL
2 mL
What is the function of the kidneys and ureters?
A patient has BMI of 30. The nurse explains that this classification is considered:
A) Underweight B) Normal weight C) Overweight D) Obesity
D) Obesity
When teaching older adults, which strategy is recommended to overcome learning barriers?
A. Plan long, detailed teaching sessions
B. Accommodate sensory deficits
C. Skip explanations for routine tasks
D. Ignore environmental distractions
Answer: B Accommodate sensory deficits
Electrolytes that are associated most with dangerous arrythmias
What is Potassium (hypo/hyperkalemia), Calcium (hypocalcemia), and Magnesium (hypo/hypermagnesemia)?
Definition of breakthrough pain
what is a transitory increase in pain that occurs in the context of otherwise controlled persistent pain?
What is the mechanism of action of Cholinergic medications?
to stimulate contraction of detrusor muscle, producing urination
Macronutrients consist of (SATA):
A) carbohydrates
B) vitamins
C) proteins
D) minerals
E) lipids/fats
F) water
Answer: A, C, E
The nurse has finished teaching a patient with type 2 diabetes about managing their condition through diet and exercise. Which of the following patient-created goals demonstrates an understanding of the SMART goal framework?
A. "I will start exercising and try to eat healthier meals most days to improve my blood sugar."
B. "I will lose 10 pounds by exercising regularly and making better food choices over time."
C. "I will walk 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week, and reduce my daily calorie intake by 500 calories over the next 2 months."
D. "I will make sure to take my medications and aim to eat fewer carbs when possible."
Answer: C "I will walk 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week, and reduce my daily calorie intake by 500 calories over the next 2 months.
Electrolytes and their normal ranges
What are Sodium 135-145 meq/l (highest in ECF), Chloride 97-107 meq/l, Potassium 3.5-5.0 meq/l, Calcium 8.6-10.2 mg/dl, Magnesium 1.3-2.3 meq/l, Phosphorous 2.5-4.5 mg/dl, Bicarbonate 25-29 meq/l?
The student nurse is performing review of clients medications on MAR and notes Acetaminophen is ordered. The student nurse knows to review what labs in EMR prior to administration?
AST, ALT (Liver function testing) due to risk of hepatic failure
Name at least 3 of the 8 diseases Associated With Renal Problems
•Congenital urinary tract abnormalities
•Polycystic kidney disease
•Urinary tract infection
•Urinary calculi
•Hypertension
•Diabetes mellitus
•Gout
•Connective tissue disorders
Fat soluble vitamins consist of: (SATA)
a.) Vitamin c
b.) Vitamin a
c.) Vitamin d
d.) Vitamin b
e.) Vitamin k
Answer: B, C, E
What does the nurse need to keep in mind when teaching an older adult?
The 2 hallmark signs of hypocalcemia (and demonstrate them)
Chvostek and Trousseus signs
Name 5 of the 10 Adverse/Side Effects for Morphine and What is reversal agent for opioid overdose?
Respiratory depression, Confusion, Hypotension, Lightheadedness, Dizziness, Sedation, Constipation, Nausea, Vomiting, Sweating
Reversal agent: Naloxone
The student nurse is assessing the color of the clients urine from bedside urinal. The urine is orange to orange-red. What medication does the student nurse suspect is causing this color of urine?
Pyridium causes orange to orange-red urine
Pernicious anemia stems from a deficiency from which option?
a.) Thiamine
b.) Vitamin B 3
c.) Cobalamin
d.) Vitamin A
Answer: C. cobalamin is also known as vitamin B-12
A nurse is providing culturally competent patient education to a newly immigrated family. Which of the following actions demonstrate cultural competence? (Select all that apply)
A. Understanding the patient’s core cultural values before starting education
B. Providing education only in English, as it is the primary language in the healthcare setting
C. Working with a multicultural team to ensure cultural perspectives are considered
D. Being aware of personal biases and assumptions when interacting with the patient
E. Developing written educational materials in the patient’s preferred language
Answers: A, C, D, E
A. Understanding the patient’s core cultural values before starting education
C. Working with a multicultural team to ensure cultural perspectives are considered
D. Being aware of personal biases and assumptions when interacting with the patient
E. Developing written educational materials in the patient’s preferred language
Signs of untreated hypovolemia
What are blue discoloration of lips and nail beds, Change in Alertness or LOC, Chest pain/tightness/pressure, Palpitations, No urine production, Tachycardia, Tachypnea, Decreased BP, Weak Pulse)?
Calculate the following intake: 16 oz ice, 4oz OJ, an 8oz bowl of oatmeal, 8oz water, 32oz diet soda
1,560 ml Intake