What is competition, predators, nutrition, abiotic factors, size of yolk, length of growing season / target size for overwintering, female energy reserves
100
The phenomenon when fish migrate through different water types to spawn
What is DIADROMOUS, hereunder anadromous (spawn in freshwater) and catadromous (spawn in ocean)
100
The formula for exponential decay is written like this
N(t+1)=N(t)e^(-F+M)
100
The different places energy from food is distributed
What is:
Production (growth + gametes)
Metabolism (Ra, Rs, Rd)
Urine
Faeces
100
Reasons why fish migrate
What is
1. Reproductive (spawning) migration
2. Feeding migration
3. Refuge migration
4. (Following ideal temperatures?)
200
The factors of density dependence when too many larvaes succeed.
What is competition, predation, movement to outer zones, cannibalism
200
The names for fish that spawn multiple times during life and for fish that spawn once and die
What is iteropar (multiple) and semelpar (once)
200
The formula for the catch equation is written like this.
What is Ct = (Ft/(Ft+Mt))*Nt * (1-e^(-(Ft+Mt)))
200
Can be used to determine type of food of a fish
What is lenght of intestine, teeth and jaw morphology, fin morphology, dissection of stomachs
200
A theory that predicts the distribution of animals that compete for resources in distributed patches.
The spatial distribution of individuals will be proportional to the amount of food resources available.
Animals are free to move unhindered from one patch to another.
What is the ideal free distribution?
300
Typical fresh water characteristics of fresh water spawning
What is: larger and fewer eggs, high lipid content, parental care, more predation, longer incubation time, 1 spawn pr season, benthic egg habitat, big larval size at hatch.
300
The categories for sequential hermaphrodites
What is protandric (male -> female) and protogynic (female -> male)
300
This is how the surplus production, as a function of biomass, is written (= g(B)). AKA the Schaefer curve!
What is g(B)=r*B*(1-(B/Bmax))
300
The main reason why some copepod species are much better as prey for larvae and juveniles
What is the lipid content in the copepods
300
The definition of migration
What is
a) an alternation between two or more separate habitats
b) occur with a regular periodicity within an individuals lifetime
c) involve a large proportion of the population
400
This has often been seen to increase larval growth rates
What is warmer temperatures
400
When live young are born but live from yolk in the mother
What is ovoviviparity
400
Name at least 2 powerfunctions!
W=a*L^b F(fekunditet)=a*W^b (b often >1) F=a*L^b (b often >3) C(consumption)= a*W^b (b>3 = fed og b<3=slank) M=c*W^d (???)
400
The point in transition from endogenous feeding to exogenous feeding in larvae, where a larvae must experience first feeding to avoid death.
What is the critical period hypothesis
400
The reason why not all fish should migrate, eg. big individuals
What is the difference in the cost and the benefit of migration
500
The concept of Laskers stable ocean hypothesis
What is "somewhat" stable oceanic and biological conditions (eg. currents), which increases chances for larval survival
500
The phenomenon when developed eggs inside the female are reabsorped
What is atresia
500
This is how the von Bertalanffy exponential equation is written. Components must be explained!
What is Lt = L_inf*(1-e^(-k*(t-t0))
500
This happens to an ecosystem when to much nutrient is available, and eutrophication sets in.
What is lower diversity
500
The phenomenon when a fish population is not able to move/migrate away, and individuals become small