A motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers that it attaches to.
100
This mechanism of muscle growth where new muscle fibers are created, is not believed to commonly occur in humans.
What is hyperplasia?
100
What is the term for steroids that are naturally produced in the body?
What is endogenous?
100
What is the stabilization tempo?
What is 4/2/1?
100
What is the thick filament called?
What is Myosin?
200
Are reflexes voluntary or involuntary?
What is involuntary?
200
Which of the three muscle actions plays the greatest role in increasing hypertrophy?
What is eccentric?
200
This hormone is chronically elevated in clients who are overtrained.
What is cortisol?
200
The alteration of acute variables over time in order to prevent overtraining and increase training adaptations is known as what?
What is periodization?
200
Do neural or muscular adaptations occur first in response to training?
What is Neural?
300
Which principle states that increasingly forceful contractions are achieved by the recruitment of progressively larger motor units?
What is the size principle?
300
True or false? Only intermediate muscle fibers can be converted among each other (Ex: IIa --> IIb and IIb -->IIa).
What is True?
Type I fibers are not converted to type II and vice versa.
300
In males, testosterone is released from these glands.
What are the testes?
300
Which two phases of the OPT model use supersets?
What is 2 and 5?
300
Which neurohormone is responsible for the "fight or flight" response?
What is epinephrine (adrenalin)?
400
Which branch of the nervous system controls the involuntary functions of the heart, organs, and glands?
What is the autonomic NS?
400
What type of muscle action is dynamic with constant external resistance?
A) isometric, B) isotonic, C) isokinetic, D) concentric
What is B) isotonic?
400
Which two hormones discussed in class control blood glucose?
What are insulin and glucagon?
400
Why should clients intend to perform resistance exercise in phase 4 with maximal speed (x/x/x)?
Because slow lifting velocities can cause decreased strength gains. (Force = mass x acceleration)
400
This ability to sense where your body is in relation to space can be developed with the use of unstable surfaces (as in phase 1).
What is proprioception?
500
Gradation of force is how the nervous system controls the level of force output by the muscles. Which branch of the NS controls this?
What is the Central Nervous System (CNS)?
500
During the sliding filament theory, this molecule binds to the troponin/tropomyosin complex, causing it to change shape and reveal the binding sites on the actin filament.
What is Calcium?
500
Which of the neurohormones discussed in class serves as a neurotransmitter in the CNS and transmits signals between nerve cells?
What is Epinephrine?
500
The gradual increase of stress placed on the body is known as what?
What is progressive overload?
500
Which mechanoreceptor senses when the level of tension in a muscle is high and initiates a reflex that causes the muscle to relax?