Nervous System Divisions
The two major components of the nervous system?
What are the central and peripheral nervous system?
The basic functional unit of the nervous system.
What is a neuron?
This thick, outermost meningeal layer protects the brain and helps form venous sinuses.
What is dura mater?
This lobe is responsible for thinking, planning, and voluntary movement.
What is the Frontal lobe?
This circular connection of arteries at the base of the brain helps provide collateral blood flow.
What is the Circle of Willis?
The three subdivisions of the central nervous system
What are the cerebral hemispheres, brainstem and spinal cord?
This layer speeds up signal transmission and insulates the axon of a neuron.
What is the myelin sheath?
These paired C-shaped cavities lie within the cerebral hemispheres and contain cerebrospinal fluid.
What are the lateral ventricles?
This lobe processes sound and helps with understanding language.
What is the Temporal lobe?
This structure protects the brain by controlling which substances can pass from the bloodstream into brain tissue.
What is the blood-brain barrier?
The number of cranial and spinal nerve pairs in the peripheral nervous system.
What is 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves?
The type of neuron that carries information to the brain and spinal cord from the senses.
What are sensory neurons?
This thin, web-like middle meningeal layer lies between the dura and pia mater.
What is the arachnoid mater?
This lobe receives and processes sensory input such as touch and temperature.
What is the Parietal lobe?
This part of the brain’s blood supply comes from the internal carotid arteries.
What is anterior circulation?
The division of the PNS that controls involuntary functions such as heart rate and digestion.
What is the autonomic nervous system?
The small gaps in the myelin sheath of an axon that allow the actional potential to jump across from one point to other.
What are the nodes of Ranvier?
This narrow midline cavity sits between the two halves of the diencephalon.
What is the third ventricle?
This lobe helps interpret visual information from the eyes.
What is the Occipital lobe?
These arteries come from the vertebral arteries and supply the brainstem, cerebellum, and occipital lobes.
What is posterior circulation?
The division of the autonomic nervous system that is known for "fight of flight instincts"
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
The charge inside a neuron at rest.
What is -70 millivolts?
This fluid is produced by the choroid plexus and flows through the brain's ventricles and subarachnoid space.
What is CSF?
The "central sulcus" separates these two lobes.
What are the Frontal and Parietal lobes?
This artery supplies most of the lateral surface of the cerebral hemisphere and is often affected in strokes.
What is the middle cerebral artery (MCA)?