Virus Taxonomy and Structure
Dengue, West Nile, and Zika viruses belong to this family in virus taxonomy whose name is derived from the word “flavus” which is latin for yellow.
What is Flaviviridae?
This virus is the most prevalent arbovirus worldwide with ~50-200 million cases annually.
What is Dengue virus?
High fever, chills, eye pain, intense bone pain, headaches, muscle aches, and rash are all symptoms of this manifestation of Dengue virus.
What is Dengue fever?
Primary replication in this type of host cell leads to viremia and allows spread to visceral organs and CNS invasion in the pathogenesis of West Nile virus.
What are Dendritic cells?
This method for lab diagnosis of West Nile fever uses a serum or CSF specimen.
What is serological detection of West Nile virus-specific IgM antibodies?
Dengue, West Nile, and Zika viruses belong to this genus.
What is Orthoflavivirus?
After discovery, sporadic cases of Zika virus were seen in these 2 continents.
What is Africa and Asia?
This percentage of West Nile virus cases have an asymptomatic presentation.
What is 60-80%?
Infection of this arbovirus instills type specific immunity and partial cross-protection against other serotypes of the virus transiently.
What is Dengue virus?
IgM antibodies of this Orthoflavivirus can be detected 3-8 days after disease onset and last for 30-90 days.
What is West Nile virus?
Members of the Flaviviridae family belong to this Baltimore classification group that shows they have a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome.
What is Group Ⅳ?
This type of mosquito serves as the main vector for West Nile virus.
What is the Culex species?
This manifestation of Dengue virus is commonly caused by DENV-2.
What is Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)?
Dengue virus consists of these 4 serotypes based on their differing nonstructural and structural viral proteins.
What is DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, DENV-4?
A serum sample and type specific primers can be used in this lab test to detect and serotype Dengue virus.
What is RT-PCR?
This structural component of Flaviviridae virions is formed from the nucleocapsid “budding” through host cell lipid membrane.
What is an envelope?
Dengue virus is endemic in these 4 areas of the world.
What is Mexico, Puerto Rico, Latin America, and Asia?
The spectrum of disease caused by West Nile virus includes these 3 manifestations.
What is Asymptomatic, West Nile fever, and Neuro-invasive disease?
These 6 signs and symptoms accompany Zika fever for ~1 week after incubation.
What is malaise, headache, fever, rash, joint pain, and conjunctivitis?
These four sample types can be tested within the first 2 weeks following symptom onset for RT-PCR detection of Zika virus.
What is serum, urine, CSF, and amniotic fluid?
Flaviviridae virions possess a helical capsid with surface proteins that are arranged in this type of symmetry.
What is Icosahedral-like symmetry?
Aside from the bite of the infected vector, the Zika virus can be transmitted these 3 ways.
What is transplacentally, through blood products, and sexually?
These 4 manifestations comprise the disease spectrum of the Zika virus.
What is Asymptomatic, Zika fever, Congenital Zika syndrome, and Guillain-Barré Syndrome?
Bleeding manifestations and thrombocytopenia are results of this pathophysiologic mechanism in Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF).
What is plasma leakage from increased vascular permeability?
ELISA can be used to detect this nonstructural protein antigen in blood 1-18 days post illness with Dengue virus.
What is Nonstructural protein NS1 antigen?