Adaptations that allow birds to fly
Aircraft
Flight
Aerodynamics
Air
100
The bird known as a hummingbird can fly in which direction(s)?
Forwards, backwards, side to side.
100
How does a hot air balloon fly?
The hot air heated by the flame in the balloon expands and rises.
100
What is yaw?
The side-to-side movement of the nose of the plane.
100
What are the forces of flight?
Gravity, drag, lift and thrust.
100
What is Bernoulli's principle?
That fast air (or fluid) has low air pressure and slow air (or fluid) has high air pressure.
200
Birds such as geese have adapted to do what?
fly long distances.
200
How does a jet engine help to propel a plane forwards?
The engine uses the oxygen to burn the fuel. The hot gases produced are forced out the back of the engine. The exhaust goes backwards and the plane forwards.
200
What flap controls pitch?
The elevators.
200
How is lift generated?
The airfoil has a shape designed for creating lift. When air goes over the wing the air going over the top and the bottom want to meet and stay together but the air going over the top has a farther distance to travel because the top of the wing is curved. The air going over the top goes faster and has less pressure. The air going under the wing has more pressure because it goes slower.
200
What properties does air have?
Air is invisible. It is breathable. It exerts pressure. It is made up of gases.
300
____ ______ act as the birds rudder.
Tail feathers.
300
A parachute works to slow something down. How does it do this?
The parachute has a large area and the shape catches and holds the air, slowing it down and creating drag.
300
This hinged flap controls yaw.
Rudder.
300
How does streamlining reduce drag?
The larger the surface of an object the more air is pushing against it, slowing it down. A crumpled piece of paper falls to the floor faster than a flat piece because it has a smaller surface. Streamlining helps a object cut through the air smoothly, reducing drag.
300
What happens if air warms up?
The molecules expand.
400
Birds bones are very light because they have ___ ____
Hollow bones.
400
What are the manoeuvres a plane can use?
Yaw, pitch, and bank or roll.
400
When does the plane have a downward pitch?
When the elevator is pointed down.
400
If the four forces are balanced on a plane what can the plane do?
Hover
400
What are the gases that make up the earths atmosphere and their percentages?
78% nitrogen. 21% oxygen. 1% argon and trace gases.
500
__ ___ in a birds thorax and abdomen fill with air.
Air sacs.
500
What are the propellers on a helicopter called?
Rotors.
500
What is the definition of streamlining?
The shaping of an object so that a gas or liquid will move easily around it.
500
How do the four forces that affect flight work together?
Lift, gravity, thrust and drag each play a part in keeping an aircraft in flight. However, at some points, these forces may be unbalanced. If There is more drag then thrust he plane goes slowly, and vice versa. With less gravity the plane goes higher because of lift, and vice versa.
500
What is the greenhouse effect, and what does it do? How does it affect the air we breath?
The greenhouse effect is the warming of the planet. It is caused by things such as pollution. The pollution hang in the atmosphere and traps the warm rays from the sun and keep the heat in the atmosphere. This is the greenhouse effect. Things get worse the more we pollute. To make things worse, the pollution hangs in the air we breath, polluting our bodies as well.
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