CHAPTER 1
These are the observable interruptions in on-going speech
What is disfluency?
Why is it hard to study "onset" of stuttering?
No warning signs as to when it will occur.
Cannot predict or secure data.
Considered the cardinal feature of stuttering
What are disfluencies?
Predisposing factors of stuttering may include...
genetics, neurological differences and temperament
T/F: Stuttering is most commonly seen in Males than Females
T/F: Stuttering can be genetically based.
TRUE
This is the most common feature of early stuttering
What are "Repetitions?"
"I need to-to-to go to the store" is an example of...?
Single-Syllable Word Repetition
Precipitating factors of stuttering may include...
rapid language growth, stressful events and speech-motor load
T/F: Stuttering is predominantly seen in Latino children
FALSE
Also known as "core/primary types"
What are overt speech characteristics?
These other disorders are frequently connected with stuttering
What are articulatory, phonology and language disorders?
These are example of dysrhythmic phonations
Prolonged sounds, Blocks/Broken words, Tense Pause
perpetuating factors may include...
avoidance, negative reactions and anxiety
This theory states that stuttering occurs because both L and R hemispheres compete for control of speech movements
Cerebral Dominance Theory
Also known as "secondary characteristics"
What are physical concomitants?
This refers to the number of repetitions units produced in a stuttering event
What is length?
This is the idea that if words were to be removed, stuttering tends to occur on words NEAR those previously stuttered
ADJACENCY
The 3 types of Psychological theories that cause stuttering are:
Psychoemotional, Psychobehavioral and Psycholinguistic
This is the strongest risk factor for stuttering
Age
These are examples of affective features
What are Strong emotions?
How many repetition units are in the sentence:
"My dog loves c-c-c-c-c-cookies"
5
This type of theory believes that stuttering is a "learned" or an "Acquired" behavior
Psychobehavioral Theory
This theory states stuttering is caused by defective auditory feedback
Auditory Perceptual Theory