Electrolyte A
This electrolyte is crucial for regulating fluid balance and nerve transmission. What is it?
Sodium
This electrolyte is essential for muscle function and electrical conduction in the heart.
Potassium
This electrolyte plays a key role in muscle and nerve function, and is important for regulating blood pressure.
Magnesium
This electrolyte is important for bone and teeth formation, energy production (ATP), and maintaining acid-base balance.
Phosphate
A patient with a sodium level greater than 145 mEq/L might experience these symptoms, including thirst and confusion.
Hypernatremia
This condition is caused by a potassium level imbalance and presents with muscle weakness and arrhythmias. The level of potassium?
less than 3.5 mEq/L
This condition occurs when magnesium levels fall below 1.5 mEq/L and can cause muscle cramps, tremors, and seizures.
Hypomagnesemia
When this electrolyte levels fall below 2.5 mg/dL and is often associated with muscle weakness and bone pain.
hypophosphatemia
Symptoms include confusion and seizures. The level of sodium?
less than 135 mEq/L
The most common cause of hypokalemia is the use of these drugs that increase potassium loss through urine.
(Loop) diuretic
One common cause of hypomagnesemia is this condition, which is often associated with poor nutritional intake and excessive alcohol use.
alcoholism
This condition occurs when calcium levels fall below 8.5 mg/dL, leading to symptoms like tetany, Chvostek's sign, and muscle cramps.
Hypocalcemia
Treatment for hypernatremia often involves this action to restore fluid balance.
Hydration (fluid replacement)
What level of potassium causes muscle weakness, fatigue, and arrhythmia of peaked T waves?
Hyperkalemia (>5.2 mEq/L or > 5 mEq/L)
A patient with magnesium levels greater than 2.5 mEq/L may present with this symptom, which could progress to respiratory depression.
Hypermagnesemia
Malnutrition and chronic alcohol use are common causes of this electrolyte imbalance.
Hypophosphatemia
The primary cause of this condition is excessive water intake or SIADH
Hyponatremia
Treatment for hyperkalemia may include these interventions, which help shift potassium back into cells.
insulin or sodium bicarbonate
To treat hypermagnesemia, this medication is often administered intravenously to counteract effects on the heart and muscles.
Calcium gluconate
In the case of hyperphosphatemia, phosphate binders are typically used, and this electrolyte is monitored for possible abnormalities.
Calcium