Electrolytes
What is the major electrolyte in the extracellular fluid?
What is sodium?
What is an Isotonic solution and provide an example
What is a normal serum osmolality solution that balances ICF and ECF. D5W, NS, LR.
The NURSING intervention that indicates fluctuation in fluid volume.
What is daily weights?
Normal BUN value
What is 7-20 mg/dL
Define oliguria.
What is urinary output less than 400 mL/day or less than 30 mL/hr?
The major electrolyte in the intracellular fluid?
What is potassium?
The type of pressure that pushes fluid out of compartments.
What is hydrostatic pressure?
Used to monitor amount of fluid that enters and exits the body.
What is I&Os?
Name 1 lab value that is an indication of hydration status.
What is urine specific gravity or BUN?
The movement of water from an area of low to high concentration.
What is osmosis?
Vitamin D aids in the absorption of this electrolyte.
What is calcium?
What is a hypertonic solution and provide an example?
What is higher osmolarity than serum osmolality. D51/ 2 NS, D10, D50, 3% NaCl, D5LR
The NURSING intervention used to treat hyponatremia.
What is free water restriction or fluid restriction?
The electrolyte with a normal range of 1.5-2.5 mEq/L.
What is magnesium?
Intravascular fluid shifts into transcellular compartments.
What is third spacing?
What is a normal phosphorus lab value?
What is 2.5-4.5 mL/dL?
What is a hypotonic solution and provide an example?
What is a solution with a lower serum osmolality. 0.45% NS, 0.33% NS, 2.5% dextrose.
Name 2 forms/type of rehydration.
A GFR of less than 15 is indicative of what stage of chronic kidney disease?
What is stage 5 or end-stage kidney failure?
A physical assessment that results in facial twitching due to hypocalcemia?
What is Chvostek's sign?
A life-threatening complication of hyponatremia.
What is cerebral edema?
Name 3 symptoms of fluid volume deficit.
What is:
1) Thirst
2) Altered LOC
3) Hypotension
4) Tachycardia
5) Weak/thready pulse
6) Dry mucous membranes
7) Oliguria
8) Weight loss
Name 3 nursing interventions for fluid volume deficit.
What is:
1) Monitor daily weights
2) Monitor I&Os
3) Encourage adequate fluid intake
4) Observe skin temperature, color and capillary refill
What labs and signs/symptoms would you expect to see in a patient with dehydration?
What is:
1) Increased Hg, Hct, and BUN
2) Increased urine specific gravity
3) Low BP
4) Rapid pulse
5) Increased temperature
6) Decreased urine output
7) Decreased skin turgor/skin tenting
8) Dry skin and mucous membranes
Which electrolyte disturbance is a concern when caring for a client with alcoholism?
What is magnesium?