FLUIDS
Too much of this type of IV solution causes fluid to be pulled from the cells into the bloodstream
What is a hypertonic IV solution?
This type of IV solution can be used to treat hyponatremia, but must be monitored carefully.
What is 3% saline?
When cells are damaged by a burn or crushing injury you would expect damaged cells to release this major intracellular electrolyte cation.
What is potassium?
Lab values:
pH 7.56, paCo2 20, HCO3 25
What is Respiratory alkalosis?
This organ will compensate for a respiratory problem by regulating bicarb
What are the kidneys?
This iv fluid is most appropriate to replace potential fluid losses
What is normal saline (NS)?
This fluid is isotonic in the bag, but works as hypotonic in the body.
What is D5W?
Your patient is receiving loop diuretics. You know to check this electrolyte lab value before med administration.
What is potassium?
Lab values:
pH 7.16, paCo2 60, HCO3 23
What is Respiratory acidosis?
The nurse must watch out for hyperkalemia in patients with this acid-base imbalance
What is acidosis?
This pulmonary complication may develop when a person is admitted with fluid volume deficit caused by hypovolemia and given too much replacement fluid.
What is pulmonary edema?
(Now the next question...What is the most common sign nurses should look for?)
A patient has a K+ level of 2.2 mEq/L. The provider orders 20 mEq K+ IV bolus stat. This is your first action.
Contact the ordering provider. K+ is NEVER given IV bolus.
An imbalance of sodium will cause these types of signs and symptoms
What is neuro?
(Confusion, fatigue, restlessness, irritability, seizures, coma.)
Lab values:
pH 7.56, paCo2 40, HCO3 32
What is metabolic alkalosis?
A patient comes in to the ED with a 3 day history of vomiting. You know to monitor them for this acid-base imbalance.
What is metabolic alkalosis?
Confused, tachycardic, decreased blood pressure, poor skin turgor are symptoms of this fluid volume imbalance
What is hypovolemia?
The patient has the following ABG:
pH 7.56, paCo2 20, HCO3 24
This is the simplest intervention for the nurse to take
What is have the patient breathe into a paper bag?
An imbalance of this major intracellular cation causes changes in electrical impulses in the heart
What is K+?
Lab values:
pH 7.28, paCo2 42, HCO3 14
What is metabolic acidosis?
Reduced tissue turgor, decreased frequency of wet diapers absence of tears
What are symptoms of a baby that may be observed with decreased fluid volume?
Increase pulse rate and increased hematocrit are symptoms of this type of fluid imbalance
What is dehydration?
Your patient is on a 1500 mL fluid restriction. Time starts at 0700. You start your shift at 1900. The patient has had 2 cups of coffee (120 mL each), 6 oz of juice, and has an IV running at 35 mL/hr. This is how much he can have during your shift.
What is 660 mL?
What is phosphate?
Lab values:
pH 7.43, paCo2 38, HCO3 25
What is homeostasis?
(Tricky, huh?)
Your patient has IV fluids running at 100 mL/hr. You hung a new liter bag at 1930. This is when you will need to replace it.
What is 0530?