Fluid Overload
This condition is characterized by excess fluid in the body, often leading to swelling.
What is edema?
This term describes a significant loss of body water.
What is dehydration?
This is the normal range for serum potassium levels in mEq/L
What is 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L?
This is the normal range for serum calcium levels in mg/dL.
What is 8.5 to 10.5 mg/dL?
This is the normal range for serum sodium levels in mEq/L.
What is 135 to 145 mEq/L?
A common cause of fluid overload due to the heart's inability to pump effectively.
What is congestive heart failure?
A common symptom of fluid deficit, characterized by dry mouth and thirst.
What is xerostomia?
This condition is characterized by low potassium levels in the blood.
What is hypokalemia?
This condition is characterized by low calcium levels in the blood.
What is hypocalcemia?
This condition is characterized by low sodium levels in the blood.
What is hyponatremia?
This medication is often used to treat fluid overload by increasing urine output.
What is a diuretic?
This type of shock can occur due to severe fluid deficit.
What is hypovolemic shock?
If given this route, potassium can kill a patient
What is IV push
A common symptom of hypocalcemia, characterized by muscle spasms.
What is tetany?
A condition caused by high sodium levels, often due to dehydration
What is hypernatremia?
If this is seen in the neck, fluid overload is suspected
What is distended neck veins (JVD)
This urine lab, if elevated, is a sign of dehydration
What is urine specific gravity
This ECG change is often seen in severe hyperkalemia.
What is peaked T waves?
This sign, a facial muscle spasm upon tapping, indicates hypocalcemia.
What is Chvostek's sign?
This hormone helps regulate sodium and water balance in the body
What is antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
A condition where fluid accumulates in the lungs, often due to fluid overload
What is pulmonary edema?
This condition, characterized by low blood pressure upon standing, can result from fluid deficit.
What is orthostatic hypotension?
This medication can be used to treat hyperkalemia by binding potassium in the gut.
What is sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)?
This vitamin is essential for calcium absorption in the intestines.
What is vitamin D?
This syndrome, often caused by excessive ADH, leads to water retention and hyponatremia
What is Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)?