Lab Values
A potassium level >5.0 mEq/L
What is hyperkalemia?
The type of fluid outside the cells
What is extracellular?
Foods rich in phosphate
What are milk and processed foods?
Urine output of 1200-1500 mL/day
What is normal urine output?
The same IV fluid osmolality as body fluids
What is isotonic solution?
The three components making up blood
What are red blood cells (RBCs), platelets and plasma?
The normal Magnesium (Mg) value range
What is 1.8-3.0 mEq/L?
Approximately 2/3 of total body weight is made up of this
What is intracellular fluid (ICF)?
Insulin, epinephrine, and alkalosis shifts this electrolyte into cells
What is potassium?
The types of fluid measured as output
What are urine, diarrhea, vomitus, gastric suction, fistula, wound and tube drainage?
Sodium chloride 3% or 5% is this type of IV solution
What are hypertonic solution?
Quickly list normal pH, PaCO2, HCO3−, and PaO2
What is pH 7.35-7.45, PaCO2 35-45, CO3 22-26, and PaO2 80-100
Sodium (Na) level of 117 and what symptoms may patient be demonstrating
What is hyponatremia and neuro changes such as AMS or Seizures?
An amount of fluid
What is volume?
Treatment for extracellular excess
What are Na+ and fluid restrictions?
The four organs of water loss
What are kidneys, skin, lungs, and GI tract?
The complications of IV therapy
What are fluid overload, infiltration, phlebitis, infection, and bleeding from site?
The blood donor for O, A B, or AB type recipients
What is O negative type blood?
Osmolality normal value
What is 280-300 mOsm/kg?
The term used for decreased vascular and extracellular fluid
What is hypovolemia?
Electrolytes low in ECF, mostly in bones and intracellular
What are calcium and magnesium?
The state of water loss that cannot be seen or measured
What is insensible water loss?
This IV solution contains Na+, K+, Ca+, Cl+ and lactate. It also expands extracellular volume.
What is Lactated Ringer's (LR)?
This type of blood transfusion decreases the risk of mismatched blood and exposure to blood borne pathogens.
What is autologous transfusion?
A normal hematocrit (HCT) value for a female
What is 37-47%?
An example of active transport that moves Na+ out of a cell and K+ in
What is the sodium-potassium pump?
An electrolyte state which results from a shift of calcium from bones into ECF, and decreased calcium output
What is hypercalcemia?
The deficit condition of the adult patient who loses 2.2 lbs (1 Kg) or more in 24 hours
What is a fluid volume deficit?
Verify this prior to giving administering IV solution with potassium
What are K+ level, kidney function and urine output?
For patient safety, always verify these things prior to administering blood products
What is:
1. Verify the blood components are the ones ordered?
2. Verify if the component is compatible with the blood type listed in the patient's record?
3. Verify that the right patient receives the blood product?