Fluid 1
Fluid inside the cell is referred to as ______
Intracellular
Type of osmolarity: fluids have lower osmotic pressure than cells -> water going into the cell -> cells expanding and plasma shrinking: _______
Hypotonic or hypoosmotic
The primary function of this electrolyte is to control osmolarity and water balance. It also facilitates nerve and muscle impulses.
Sodium
In severe cases of hyperkalemia, this medication may be given to facilitate the diffusion of potassium back into the cells.
Calcium gluconate and insulin
To test for this problem of hypocalcemia, the healthcare provider taps on the patient’s facial nerve in from of the ear. A positive response indicating hypocalemia will be a spasm of the side of face back towards the ear showing increased neuromuscular irritability
Chvostek’s sign
Fluid between the cells is referred to as ______
Interstitial
Symptoms of this electrolyte problem include increased temperature, increased thirst, irritability and agitation, weakness, headache, lethargy, seizures, tachycardia, weak/thready pulse, and edema.
Hypernatremia
True or false: undiluted potassium is administered for hypokalemia.
False: should be diluted.
This electrolye’s range is from 2.5-4.5.
Phophorus
Fluid inside the blood vessels is referred to as ______
Intravascular
This is when fluid increases in the transcellular space: ______
Third spacing
The range for this electrolyte is 98-106 mEq/L
Chloride
Vitamin D aids in this electrolytes absorption in the body.
Calcium
This electrolyte as a positive correlation with calcium and is found in green leafy vegetables, legumes, nuts, seeds, and whole grains.
Magnesium
This is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low to high concentration is called _____
Osmosis
This term indicates generalized edema throughout the body: _____
Anasarca
A deadly complication of hyponatremia is: _____
Cerebral edema
Clinical manifestations of this type of electrolyte imbalance reflect a decreased cell membrane excitability and are often nonspecific. Possible symptoms can include dysrhythmias, decreased DTRs, headache, abdominal pain, and dehydration.
Hypercalcemia
This electrolyte imbalance can be caused by excessive use of laxatives or antacids and may need IV calcium in severe cases.
Hypermagnesemia
Type of osmolarity: fluids have greater osmotic pressure than cells -> water pulling from inside cells to outside -> cells shrinking and plasma expanding: _____
Hypertonic or hyperosmotic
What are 5 symptoms of fluid volume deficit:
Thirst, altered LOC, hypotension, tachycardia, weak/thready pulse, flat jugular veins, dry mucous membranes, oliguria, weight loss, sunken fontanelles (infant)
This electrolyte is found in large amounts in cantaloupes, raisins, bananas, oranges, green leafy vegetables, and lentils.
Potassium
This electrolyte has an inverse relationship with calcium and is found in dairy, protein sources (i.e. chicken, beef, fish, and nuts), grains, and carbonated beverages.
Phosphorus
A patient with hyperkalemia should be taught about the use of this in seasoning foods.
Salt substitute