Fluid 1
Fluid inside the cell is referred to as ______
Intracellular
P. 162
Type of osmolarity: fluids have lower osmotic pressure than cells -> water going into the cell -> cells expanding and plasma shrinking: _______
Hypotonic or hypoosmotic
P. 163
The primary function of this electrolyte is to control osmolarity and water balance. It also facilitates nerve and muscle impulses.
Sodium
P. 167
In severe cases of hyperkalemia, this medication may be given to facilitate the diffusion of potassium back into the cells.
Calcium gluconate and insulin
P. 171
To test for this problem of hypocalcemia, the healthcare provider taps on the patient’s facial nerve in from of the ear. A positive response indicating hypocalemia will be a spasm of the side of face back towards the ear showing increased neuromuscular irritability
Chvostek’s sign
P. 174
Fluid between the cells is referred to as ______
Interstitial
P. 162
Loss of fluid and electrolytes through sweating is this type of fluid loss: _____
Insensible fluid loss
P. 164
Symptoms of this electrolyte problem include increased temperature, increased thirst, irritability and agitation, weakness, headache, lethargy, seizures, tachycardia, weak/thready pulse, and edema.
Hypernatremia
P. 168
True or false: undiluted potassium is administered for hypokalemia.
False: should be diluted.
P. 172
This electrolye’s range is from 2.5-4.5.
Phophorus
P. 174-175
Fluid inside the blood vessels is referred to as ______
Intravascular
P. 162
This is when fluid increases in the transcellular space: ______
Third spacing
P. 164
The range for this electrolyte is 98-108 mEq/L
Chloride
P. 167
Vitamin D aids in this electrolytes absorption in the body.
Calcium
P. 172
This electrolyte as a positive correlation with calcium and is found in green leafy vegetables, legumes, nuts, seeds, and whole grains.
Magnesium
P. 175
This is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low to high concentration is called _____
Osmosis
P. 162
This term indicates generalized edema throughout the body: _____
Anasarca
P. 164
A deadly complication of hyponatremia is: _____
Cerebral edema
P. 168
Clinical manifestations of this type of electrolyte imbalance reflect a decreased cell membrane excitability and are often nonspecific. Possible symptoms can include dysrhythmias, decreased DTRs, headache, abdominal pain, and dehydration.
Hypercalcemia
P. 173
This electrolyte imbalance can be caused by excessive use of laxatives or antacids and may need IV calcium in severe cases.
Hypermagnesemia
P. 175
Type of osmolarity: fluids have greater osmotic pressure than cells -> water pulling from inside cells to outside -> cells shrinking and plasma expanding: _____
Hypertonic or hyperosmotic
P. 163
What are 5 symptoms of fluid volume deficit:
Thirst, altered LOC, hypotension, tachycardia, weak/thready pulse, flat jugular veins, dry mucous membranes, oliguria, weight loss, sunken fontanelles (infant)
P. 166
This electrolyte is found in large amounts in cantaloupes, raisins, bananas, oranges, green leafy vegetables, and lentils.
Potassium
P. 170
This electrolyte has an inverse relationship with calcium and is found in dairy, protein sources (i.e. chicken, beef, fish, and nuts), grains, and carbonated beverages.
Phosphorus
P. 174
A patient with hyperkalemia should be taught about the use of this in seasoning foods.
Salt substitute
P. 170