Water Works
Movement of fluid across a membrane
What is osmosis?
Normal range of sodium
What is 135-145 meq/L
Normal range of potassium & magnesium
What is K+ 3.5-5.o meq/L
Mg 1.5-2.5 meq/L
Interventions you would implement for a patient with fluid volume excess? (name 5)
What is daily weights, administer diuretics, fluid & Na restriction, monitor I&O, O2 as ordered
Most reliable indicator of fluid balance
What is daily weights?
Sustained muscle contractions
What is tetany?
Solution that has the same concentration of solutes as blood
What is an isotonic solution?
Means of sodium loss
What is vomiting, diarrhea, diuretics & sweating?
Signs & symptoms of hypokalemia
(name 4)
What is muscle weakness, fatigue, leg cramps & dysrhythmias?
Signs & symptoms for a patient with fluid volume excess
What is bounding pulse, HTN, weight gain, tachypnea, crackles in lungs, pitting edema, JVD
Fluid used to treat hypovolemia
What is .9NSS?
Normal calcium level
What is 8.5-10.5 mg/dl?
The balance of fluid, electrolytes & acid base is called
What is homeostasis?
Symptoms of hypernatremia
(name 5)
What is thirst, changes in MS, tremors, seizures, & muscle weakness?
Signs & symptoms of hypomagnesemia
(name 4)
What is dysrhythmias, tremors, hyperactive deep tendon reflexes & seizures?
Labs indicative of a patient with dehydration
(name 6)
What are elevated BUN, creatinine, sodium, Hct Hgb, & specific gravity
Most commonly prescribed loop diuretic
What is furosemide?
Needed for calcium absorption
What is Vitamin D?
Extracellular fluid compartments
What is intravascular & interstitial?
Nursing interventions for the hypernatremic patient
(name 4)
What are monitor weight, I&O, administer hypotonic solutions (.45NSS), seizure precautions?
Patients vulnerable to hypomagnesemia
What are alcoholics?
Labs indicative of fluid volume excess
(name 6)
What are decreased specific gravity, Hct, Hgb, sodium, Bun & creatinine
Potential loss of this electrolyte from a loop diuretic
What is potassium?
Medications that cause hypocalcemia
(name 2)
What are loop diuretics and phenytoin?
This fluid causes cells to shrink
What is a hypertonic solution?
(Dextrose 10% or D5.9NS)
Signs & symptoms of hyponatremia
(name 4)
What are confusion, hypotension, weakness, & muscle cramps?
Food sources rich in K+
What are bananas, OJ, spinach, potatoes & spinach?
Interventions for a patient with fluid volume deficit
(Name 4)
What is I&O, increase PO & IVF, monitor VS, assess patient's skin turgor, mucous membranes, fatigue, dizziness, rapid HR?
Maximum rate for KCL infusion
What is 10 meq KCL/hr?
Preferred medication for correction of hypocalcemia
What is calcium gluconate?