F&E Question Set #1
A 2-year-old child is admitted with moderate dehydration. Which clinical finding would the nurse expect?
A. Sunken anterior fontanel
B. Bounding pulses
C. Moist mucous membranes
D. Increased urine output
A. Sunken anterior fontanel
A 6-year-old child weighs 20 kg. The provider orders maintenance IV fluids. Calculate the total 24-hour fluid requirement AND the hourly IV rate in mL/hr. Select the correct answer set.
A. 1,400 mL/24 hr → 58 mL/hr
B. 1,500 mL/24 hr → 63 mL/hr
C. 1,600 mL/24 hr → 67 mL/hr
D. 1,700 mL/24 hr → 71 mL/hr
B. 1,500 mL/24 hr → 63 mL/hr
A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child admitted with dehydration. Which urine output indicates adequate hydration?
A. 0.3 mL/kg/hr
B. 0.5 mL/kg/hr
C. 1 mL/kg/hr
D. 5 mL/kg/hr
C. 1 mL/kg/hr
A 9-month-old infant is admitted with dehydration due to persistent vomiting. The nurse is preparing to start IV fluids. Which action is most important before adding potassium to the IV solution?
A. Weigh the infant
B. Check the infant’s blood pressure
C. Ensure the infant has voided
D. Monitor capillary refill time
C. Ensure the infant has voided
A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a 10-month-old diagnosed with rotavirus. Which statement by the parent indicates a need for further teaching?
A. “I will continue breastfeeding to help keep my baby hydrated.”
B. “I will give small amounts of oral rehydration solution frequently.”
C. “I should wash my hands carefully after every diaper change.”
D. “I can give my baby an antibiotic to help clear the infection.”
D. “I can give my baby an antibiotic to help clear the infection.”
A 2-year-old child is brought to the clinic with a fever of 102.8°F (39.3°C). Which statement by the parent indicates a need for further teaching?
A. “I will give my child acetaminophen as directed for fever.”
B. “I will make sure my child drinks plenty of fluids.”
C. “I should sponge my child with cold water to bring the temperature down quickly.”
D. “I will monitor for signs of dehydration and lethargy.”
C. “I should sponge my child with cold water to bring the temperature down quickly.”
A nurse is assessing a 4-year-old with moderate dehydration. Which finding would the nurse expect?
A. Slow, bounding pulse
B. Dry mucous membranes
C. Polyuria
D. Weight gain
B. Dry mucous membranes
A nurse is assessing a 9-month-old infant with rotavirus. Which clinical finding should the nurse expect?
A. Bloody diarrhea with severe abdominal cramping
B. High fever, persistent cough, and nasal congestion
C. Watery diarrhea, fever, and vomiting
D. Constipation and poor appetite
C. Watery diarrhea, fever, and vomiting
A 6-year-old child with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is admitted to the pediatric unit. The nurse reviews the child’s lab results: pH 7.28, HCO₃⁻ 16 mEq/L, PaCO₂ 32 mm Hg. Which type of acid-base imbalance is present?
A. Metabolic acidosis
B. Metabolic alkalosis
C. Respiratory acidosis
D. Respiratory alkalosis
A. Metabolic acidosis
A 3-year-old is hospitalized with severe dehydration. Which finding indicates the child is progressing toward hypovolemic shock?
A. Restlessness and irritability
B. Urine output of 2 mL/kg/hr
C. Blood pressure lower than normal for age
D. Mildly dry mucous membranes
C. Blood pressure lower than normal for age
A nurse is caring for a toddler hospitalized with rotavirus. Which nursing intervention has the highest priority?
A. Provide oral rehydration solution after each loose stool.
B. Offer the child’s favorite foods to encourage eating.
C. Administer anti-diarrheal medications as prescribed.
D. Place the child in a semi-Fowler’s position for comfort.
A. Provide oral rehydration solution after each loose stool.
A 2-year-old child weighing 12 kg is admitted with dehydration. The nurse knows that children have a higher total body water (TBW) percentage and basal metabolic rate (BMR) compared to adults. Which statement best explains why children are at higher risk for dehydration?
A. Children have a lower BMR and lose less water through metabolism.
B. Children have a larger proportion of body water and higher insensible fluid losses.
C. Children require less fluid per kilogram than adults.
D. Children have more fat tissue, which increases water retention.
B. Children have a larger proportion of body water and higher insensible fluid losses.
A 15-month-old with gastroenteritis is being treated for dehydration. Which assessment finding best indicates that rehydration therapy is effective?
A. Heart rate remains elevated
B. Capillary refill is less than 2 seconds
C. Sunken eyes are still present
D. Urine output is less than 0.5 mL/kg/hr
B. Capillary refill is less than 2 seconds
The nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a child recovering from rotavirus. Which statements by the parents indicate correct understanding? (Select all that apply.)
A. “We will wash our hands carefully after each diaper change.”
B. “We should not give over-the-counter anti-diarrheal medications.”
C. “We’ll use oral rehydration solution to replace fluid losses.”
D. “We should stop breastfeeding until the diarrhea resolves.”
E. “Rotavirus is spread through the stool of infected children.”
A. “We will wash our hands carefully after each diaper change.”
B. “We should not give over-the-counter anti-diarrheal medications.”
C. “We’ll use oral rehydration solution to replace fluid losses.”
E. “Rotavirus is spread through the stool of infected children.”
The nurse is caring for several pediatric patients. Which conditions may increase a child’s fluid requirements? (Select all that apply.)
A. Fever
B. Vomiting and diarrhea
C. Heart failure
D. Burns
E. Mechanical ventilation
A. Fever
B. Vomiting and diarrhea
D. Burns