electrolyte values
mnemonics
mnemonics
randoms
randoms
100

3.5-5.5 g/dL

what is the normal range for albumin?

100

s

a

l

t

what are the signs and symptoms of hypernatremia?

100

stones

bones

groans

thrones

psychiatric overtones

what are the signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia?

100

contraction of the upper lip and nose when tapping facial nerve

what is chvostek's sign?

100

fluid that cannot be measured or seen as in lungs and skin

what are insensible losses?

200

135-145 mEq/L

what is the normal range for sodium?

200

c

a

t

s

go numb

what are the signs and symptoms of hypocalcemia

200

s

a

l

t

l

o

s

s

what are the signs and symptoms of hyponatremia?

200

parathyroid gland secretes parathyroid hormone

how are low calcium levels regulated?

200

fluid moving passively from an area of more fluid (less solute) to areas with less fluid (more solute)

what is osmosis?

300

3.5-5.0 mEq/L

what is the normal range for potassium?

300

h

o

v

e

r

m

what are the signs and symptoms of alkalosis?

300

m

u

r

d

e

r

&

what are the signs and symptoms of hyperkatremia?

300
____ is converted to calcidediol by the liver -> calcitriol by the kidneys which works with intestines to absorb more calcium -> calcium levels increase

how does vitamin D3 increase calcium levels?

300

fluids have a higher concentration as another solution so it pulls fluid from adjacent compartments

what are hypertonic fluids?

400

2.5-4.5 mg/dL

what is the normal range for phosphorus?

400

s

i

c

w

a

l

t

what are the signs and symptoms of hypokatremia?

400

t

w

i

t

c

h

i

n

g


what are the signs and symptoms of hypomagnesemia

400

argenine vasopressin and aldosterone

what are the off switches for the kidneys?

400

fluid trapped in a membrane (2.5% of body weight)

what is transcellular fluid?

500

8.9-10.1 mg/dL

1.3-2.1 mg/dL

what are the normal range for calcium?

what are the normal range for magnesium?

500

l

e

t

h

a

r

g

i

c

what are the signs and symptoms of hypermagnesemia?

500

h

o

v

e

r

m

what are the signs and symptoms of acidosis?

500

renin is converted to angiotensin I by the liver -> converted to angiotensin II by the lungs -> causes adrenal glands to produce _____

what is the process of producing aldosterone?

500

pressure inside the capillary is greater than the pressure in the surrounding interstitial areas which forces fluid through the capillary walls

what is hydrostatic pressure?

M
e
n
u