Fluid basics
What percentage of an average healthy adult weight is water
About 60%
What process moves water across a semipermeable membrane toward higher solution concentration
Osmosis
What type of solution has the same osmolality as body fluids
Isotonic
What is the normal sodium range
135 to 145 mEQ/L
What is fluid volume deficit also called
Dehydration
What are the two main extracellular fluid compartments
Intravascular and interstitial flui.
What process move solution molecules from higher to lower concentration
Diffusion
What type has lower osmolality than body fluids
Hypotonic
What is the normal potassium range?
3.5 to 5 mEQ/L
Name, one cause of fluid volume deficit
Vomiting, diarrhea, inability to take fluids in excessive perspiration, fever, hyperthyroidism, or medication’s
What unit is used to measure electrolytes?
Milliequivalents per liter (med/L)
What process moves fluid and solutions together across a membrane because of pressure differences
Filtration
What type has higher osmolality than body fluids
Hypertonic
Where is most potassium located?
Inside the cells
Name two findings associated with fluid volume deficit
Weak pulse and delayed capillary refill
What is intercellular fluid (ICF)
Fluid found within the cells of the body
What transport process requires metabolic energy
Active transport
What hypotonic solution is listed in the notes
0.45% normal saline
Where is calcium stored?
In the bones
Name two findings associated with fluid volume excess
Jugular venous distention and crackles
What is extracellular fluid (ECF)
Blew it outside the cells, including intervascular and interstitial fluid
What is osmolality
The concentration of solutes
What hypertonic sodium chloride solution is listed in the notes
3% sodium chloride
What Is the normal bicarbonate range
22-26 mEq/L
What minimum urine output per hour is OK
At least 30 ml/hr