Lab Values
Math!
Fluid Regulation Mechanisms
Terms
Transport
100
What is the normal range for sodium?
Na: 135-145
100
How many ml are in one oz?
1 oz = 30 ml
100
What is the thirst center in the body?
Hypothalamus: it stimulates or depresses desire to drink.
100
What is Hypercalcemia?
Greater than normal concentration of calcium in the blood. (more than 5.3 mEq/L or 10.5 mg/dl)
100
What is passive transport?
The movement of substances in and out of the cell that requires NO energy.
200
What is the normal range for Po2?
PO2: 80-100
200
The Doctor has ordered 650mg of Tylenol for a patient with a fever. The supply is 325mg. How many tablets must you give the patient?
2 Tablets
200
What releases the hormone ADH (antidiuretic hormone) in response to low blood volume or in response to a rise in plasma sodium?
Pituitary Gland
200
What is Hyponatremia?
Less than normal concentration of sodium in the blood. LESS than 135 mEq/L
200
What is active transport?
Movement of substances in and out of the cell that requires ENERGY.
300
What is the normal range for Blood pH?
Blood pH: 7.35-7.45
300
Calculate the IV flow rate for 200 mL of 0.9% NaCl IV over 120 minutes. Infusion set has drop factor of 20 gtts/mL.
200ml/120min X 20 gtts/ml = 33 gtts/min
300
What controls fluid volume?
The RAA system. ( Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone system)
300
What is Hypochloremia?
Less than normal concetration of chloride in the blood. (<98 mEq/L)
300
What is Diffusion?
Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, resulting in equal distribution.
400
What is the normal range for PCHO3?
PCHO3: 22-26 mEq/L
400
Calculate the IV flow rate for 1200 mL of NS to be infused in 6 hours. The infusion set is calibrated for a drop factor of 15 gtts/mL.
1200ml/360 mins X 15 gtts/ml = 50 gtts/min
400
What electrolyte promotes water retention?
Sodium. In water deficit, less sodium is excreted by kidneys, so more water is retained.
400
What is hypovolemia? And what are some of the signs and symptoms of it?
Hypovolemia is where the body's output of water is greater than the body's intake. Signs and symptoms include: Orthostatic Hypotension, thirst (stringy saliva), prolonged capillary refill, decrease in urine output, and rapid weight loss.
400
What is Osmosis?
The movement of WATER from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration through a sermipermeable membrane to equalize the concentration of ions/molecules.
500
What is the normal range for K?
K: 3.5-5.0 (5.2)
500
Flow Rate: 1,000 mL of 0.45% NaCl IV at 200 mL / hr. The drip factor is 10 gtts/min
200ml/60mins X 10 gtts/min = 33.3 gtts/min (or 33 gtts/min)
500
What NONelectrolytes promote body fluid retention? (If you can only name one, half the points)
Protein and albumin are nondiffusible substances that increase the colloid osmotic pressure in favor of fluid retention.
500
What is Hyperkalemia? What are some signs and symptoms? and what are treatments?
Greater than normal concentration of potassium in the blood. (more than 5.0 mEq/L) S/S: RESTLESSNESS, irregular pulse, hypotension, cardiac arrest, and hyperactive bowel sounds. Treatment: Potassium restriction, administer loop diuretics like furosemide, Kayexalate, and Dialysis.
500
What is Filtration?
Filtration is the movement of water and dissolved substances across a membrane from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure by CARDIOVASCULAR pressure.
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