The Constitution & Liberties
This part of the Constitution protects individual rights from government abuse.
What is the Bill of Rights?
This amendment guarantees freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition.
What is the First Amendment?
Brown v. Board of Education (1954) declared this unconstitutional.
What is segregation in public schools?
He delivered the “I Have a Dream” speech.
Who is Martin Luther King Jr.?
A person born in the U.S. automatically receives citizenship under this amendment.
What is the 14th Amendment?
This principle ensures the government must follow fair procedures before taking away life, liberty, or property.
What is due process?
The Fourth Amendment protects citizens from this type of government intrusion.
What are unreasonable searches and seizures?
Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) established the right to one of these if the accused cannot afford it.
What is an attorney?
This 1955 event began when Rosa Parks refused to give up her bus seat.
What is the Montgomery Bus Boycott?
This term refers to the process by which immigrants can become U.S. citizens.
What is naturalization?
This phrase describes freedoms that the government must actively protect, such as freedom of speech.
What are civil liberties?
The Fifth Amendment protects against being tried twice for the same crime—known as this.
What is double jeopardy?
Miranda v. Arizona (1966) requires police to inform suspects of their rights, known as these.
What are Miranda rights?
This 1965 law outlawed literacy tests and protected voting rights.
What is the Voting Rights Act of 1965?
Serving on one of these is both a responsibility and civic duty.
What is a jury?
These are rights ensuring equal treatment under the law, often connected to discrimination issues.
What are civil rights?
This amendment guarantees the right to a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury.
What is the Sixth Amendment?
Tinker v. Des Moines (1969) ruled that students have this type of freedom at school.
What is freedom of speech/expression?
Students used this type of protest by sitting at segregated lunch counters.
What are sit-ins?
Citizens must do this annually to support government services like schools and roads.
What are pay taxes?
This clause in the 14th Amendment prevents states from denying any person equal treatment under the law.
What is the Equal Protection Clause?
This amendment states that powers not given to the federal government are reserved to the states or the people.
What is the Tenth Amendment?
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), which began in Louisiana, upheld segregation under this doctrine.
What is “separate but equal”?
This amendment, ratified in 1870, extended voting rights to African American men.
What is the 15th Amendment?
This is a voluntary but important civic responsibility that encourages participation in democracy.
What is voting?