Nutrition
Food Production
Dairy Methods
Meat
Additives
100
What is overnutrition?
A daily intake of calories that is too high, this leads to obesity.
100
Most of our food is grown in.....? (Developed or developing countries)
Developing Countries
100
Explain what happens to both a male and female calf once it is born to a dairy cow.
Females - Kept with the dairy herd. Males - Sent to the slaughter house to make veal meat.
100
What is veal?
A meat produced from young male calves.
100
Ammonia can be added to ground beef to reduce....?
Bacteria.
200
What are three factors that can cause a drought?
Bad government, drought, war.
200
Which type of farming is the most common in the United States?
Large Industrialized Farms
200
Most dairy cows are raised indoors. List a benefit and a consequence of this.
Benefit - Controlled environment. Cows are monitored easily. Consequence - Disease spreads quickly.
200
When antibiotics are used heavily in beef production, how can this affect our health as humans?
We become resistant or sensitive to antibiotics.
200
The fast food fries in Mr. Bradburn's room have not changed much since November, 2012. Why?
There is a high amount of food additives and preservatives in fast food french fries that prevents the food from breaking down as it should.
300
What is the difference between an iron and iodine deficiency? What type of diseases / ailments can be caused by each?
A chronic lack of iron vs. chronic lack of iodine nutrients. Iron - Fatigue, dizziness, headache (Anemia) Iodine - Can slow all parts of normal development (Goiter - swollen thyroid gland.)
300
What are the main differences between produce made in a large factory-type setting vs. organic?
Organic foods are produced without the use of pesticides and additives.
300
How many months does a cow produce milk? What has to happen to ensure that same cow continues to produce milk non-stop?
10 Months. The female cow must be pregnant often.
300
When are layer hens typically sent to the slaughter house? Broiler hens?
Layer - About 12 mos after egg production slows. Broiler - About 2 Months.
300
Antibiotics and growth hormones are used heavily in chicken meat production and are illegal in beef production. (True or False?)
False... this should say: Antibiotics and growth hormones are used heavily in beef production and are illegal in chicken meat production.
400
What is undernourishment? What areas / countries have the highest levels of undernourishment?
Insufficient caloric intake. Africa, Asia, South America, and Central America.
400
What is sustainable farming and how is it different from industrialized methods?
Sustainable farming concentrates on the farm as an ecosystem. Animals are often kept and grown in outdoor pastures and managed in an environmentally responsible, more humane way. Industrialized methods use cramped indoor crates and pens; hundreds of animals are housed together. Disease, antibiotics, & added hormones are more common here.
400
What is BGH and how is it used in the dairy industry?
Bovine Growth Hormone. It is injected into cows to increase the production of milk.
400
What is the visible difference in veal meat vs. regular beef? How is this difference artificially achieved? (Two ways)
Veal meat is lighter in color. Their movement is reduced and they are intentionally kept iron-deficient to maintian this color.
400
Why is carbon monoxide added to ground meats?
To make us think the meat is fresher than it truly by preserving the natural red color of beef.
500
List the 3 major type of nutrients covered in class and explain the function / purpose of each.
Carbohydrates - Main source of energy for the body. Proteins - Helps build and maintain body structures. Lipids - Helps form membranes and hormones.
500
Define monoculture and diversified farming. Explain two benefits and two consequences of both the monoculture and diversified farming methods.
Monoculture - Single Crop Farming (One Product) Benefit - Cheap to produce product & efficient. Consequences - Entire farm depends on the survival / success of one crop and strips soil of nutrients. Diversified Farming - Multiple Crops / Livestock grown together (Multiple Products). Benefits - Farm is not 100% dependent on the success of one product & soil is permitted to replenish nutrients. Consequences - Can be harder to manage, may require more materials to care for several different products.
500
List four consequences, two for cows and two for the milk itself when BGH is used.
Cows - Infection, increased lameness, reduced fertility. Humans - More hormones in the milk, more puss = spoils faster.
500
In the slaughter of both chickens and cattle, place these steps in the correct order: (Hint: Some may not be used). 1. They are hung upside down by their feet. 2. Animal is knocked unconscious. 3. They are passed through boiling water to remove feathers. 4. Arteries / jugular veins are cut. 5. They are washed.
Chickens: 1, 2, 3, 4 Cattle: 2, 1, 4
500
**Daily Double** Why do animals raised in an industrialized meat production system become aggressive? (Give as much detail as possible, you should have two reasons). List one way meat farmers curb aggressive behaviors in each of the following: Layer Hens Pigs Broiler Hens (These have two - list them both).
They become aggressive because they are kept in extremely cramped, artificial living conditions where they cannot express their natural animal behavior such as rooting. Layer Hens - Remove Beaks Pigs- Remove Tails Broiler Hens - Remove Beaks and Toes
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