Roots
Roots perform several important functions:
they absorb water and minerals from soil;
. • they support and anchor the plant so that it is not blown over by wind or washed away by water; and
• they store food to help the plant survive during times of scarcity.
Name 5 root vegetables.
Carrots, beets, turnips, radishes, and parsnips
What are the two key processes that allow roots to absorb water and dissolved substances such as minerals?
Diffusion and osmosis
dead wood in the centre of the tree. It gives the tree its strength.
Heartwood
a pigment called ________ makes leaves green.
chlorophyll
a type of root system where a single, thick main root grows downward, with smaller secondary roots branching off.
taproot
generally grow in a short period of time and, since they have deeper roots, can survive where there is less rainfall.
Root Crops
the tendency of particles in a gas or a liquid to become evenly distributed by moving from areas of greater concentration to areas of lesser concentration.
Diffusion
carries water and nutrients from the roots up to the leaves. As new layers develop, the inner layers die and become heartwood.
Xylem
Leaves are the part of the plant that use the energy of sunlight and change it to a kind of chemical energy. They do this by combining two simple materials, carbon dioxide (from the air) and water. These combine to make the material that we know as sugar. Sugar is a kind of energy-storing chemical made by plants. This process is called
photosynthesis
tiny, hair-like structures that grow from the surface of a plant’s root
Root hairs
A primary function of roots is?
absorb water and minerals and transfer them to the stem
This occurs when a perfume bottle is opened in the corner of a room. The scent quickly becomes uniformly distributed throughout the air in the room.
Diffusion
is the growing part of the trunk. Each year the it produces new phloem and xylem.
Cambium
Carbon dioxide enters plants through tiny holes in leaves called
stomata
a shallow system of similar-sized roots that can quickly soak up moisture
fibrous roots.
a common cushion plant found on rocky mountain slopes. Its roots can reach 2 m deep.
Moss campion
a type of diffusion in which only some types of particles are allowed to pass through a barrier.
Osmosis
is the layer of cells that carries sugars from the leaves to the rest of the tree. As these cells die, they become part of the outer bark.
Phloem
a process by which plants release carbon dioxide and let oxygen into their cells.
Respiration
is an Alberta plant that grows on mountains where it is high, cold, and dry. The plant grows very low to the ground, thus trapping heat, preventing wind damage, and reducing water loss.
moss campion,
The underside of duckweed leaves are covered in
tiny roots.
This means that the cells allow some materials to pass through, such as water and specific nutrients, and keep out other materials.
differentially permeable.
is the woody skin that stops a tree from drying out. It protects and insulates the tree.
Bark
the smallest tree in the Rocky Mountains. This woody tree grows in areas where snow remains late in the year. It is only 8 cm tall when fully grown.
The snow willow