Hormone & Chemicals
Consumption of too much ______ can result in insomnia, dehydration, irritability, restlessness, fast heart rate, and stomach upset.
Caffeine
DAILY DOUBLE: Name 1 caffeinated item you consume.
Deficiency of what vitamin is known to increase risk of depression and is related to seasonal affective disorder?
Name the 3 macronutrients that provide energy.
Carb, protein, fat
DAILY DOUBLE: Beans are a good source of 2 macronutrients – what are they?
Protein is digested and broken down into what?
Amino acids
Name the most commonly consumed vegetables in the U.S.?
Potatoes
Consuming carbohydrates can increase the release of this feel-good neurotransmitter.
Serotonin
What group of vitamins helps boost mood by acting as co-enzymes in breaking down carbohydrates and releasing serotonin into the body?
B vitamins
What macronutrient is the body’s main and preferred source of fuel/energy?
Name 2 consequences of under-feeding the body?
Decreased metabolism, nutrient deficiency, decrease in lean body mass, reduced cognitive functioning (memory, concentration), slowing of metabolic processes, increased risk of disease
British sailors were called “limeys” as they used to eat limes to prevent what disease?
Scurvy
DAILY DOUBLE: Scurvy is the result of a deficiency in what vitamin?
This hormone helps regulate circadian rhythm (your sleep/week cycle).
Melatonin
What vitamin protects neurotransmitters from damage from free radicals?
Vitamin E
Name 2 functions of protein
Repairing muscles/tissues, maintaining muscles/tissues, building new muscles/tissues, protecting immune function (creation of antibodies), blood clotting, hormone and enzyme production, fluid balance, vision/eye function
Name 3 factors that can influence an individual’s energy/nutritional needs?
Height, weight, gender, age, activity, illness, pregnancy, medication
Your GI tract, if unfolded, would be the length of what sporting court/arena/field?
Tennis court
Name the two hormones responsible for regulating hunger and fullness signals.
Leptin and Ghrelin
DAILY DOUBLE: Which hormone is responsible for hunger cues and which promotes fullness cues?
What mineral aids in the synthesis of dopamine and serotonin, as well as aids in preventing fatigue via oxygenating the body?
Iron
List 3 functions of dietary fat
Absorption of fat soluble vitamins, hormone production, satiety, satisfaction, gut motility, organ protection, energy, maintaining healthy skin/nails/hair
What percentage of your total body expenditure is used to digest and absorb nutrients?
10-15%
What is the most popular fruit worldwide?
Mango
Salty foods promote the release of this hormone, also known as the “cuddle chemical,” a hormone that is also spiked by physical affection.
Oxytocin - so foods like chips and pretzels can give us a similar warm and cozy feeling
What nutrient is essential (our body cannot produce it), is needed for adequate brain health, and is found in salmon, herring, flax seeds, and walnuts?
Omega 3 fatty acid
Your brain is made of what percentage of fat?
60%
These substances are produced by the body; they act as catalysts to bring about specific biochemical reactions. We need them to break down and use carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
Enzymes
What country produces the largest amount of bananas? (22 million)
India