Diets
Provided for patients who have difficulty chewing and/ or swallowing
What is a full liquid diet?
Caused by the release of histamine and serotonin
What is a food allergy?
Feedings through the veins and the arms
What is peripheral parenteral nutrition?
45 degree angle
What is the bed position for a patient on continuous enteral feedings?
Tube is passed through the nose to the stomach
What is the nasogastric route?
Diet used historically in preparation for gastrointestinal surgery or colonoscopy
What is a clear liquid diet?
Occurs when two or more people have the same symptoms over the same period
What is a foodborne outbreak?
Catheter through the vena cava or right atrium of the heart
What is total peripheral parenteral nutrition?
Composed of intact nutrients that require a functioning GI tract for digestion and absorption of nutrients
What is a standard formula?
Tube is passed from the nose to the small intestine
What is the nasoduodenal route?
Diet used when swallowing is impaired and patient has signs of drooling, choking, gagging, and so on
What is the dysphagia diet?
Difficulty digesting certain foods
What is food intolerance?
Administered for less than 2 weeks
What is peripheral parenteral nutrition?
1.5 to 2 kcal/mL formulas
What are hypercaloric formulas?
Tube is surgically inserted into the stomach
What is the gastrostomy route?
Diet that omits all animal proteins. People on this diet must plan their source of proteins, vitamins B12 and D, iron, zinc, iodine, and calcium
What is a vegetarian diet?
Eggs, milk, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, peanuts, and tree nuts
What are major allergy triggers in adults?
Enables patients who depend on parenteral nutrition to return to a reasonably normal lifestyle
What is home parenteral nutrition?
Also called predigested or hydrolyzed formulas
What are elemental formulas?
Tube is surgically inserted into the small intestine
What is the jejunostomy route?
It is a diet used by edentulous patients. Includes foods that are easily cut with a fork, chopped, or blended
What is a mechanical soft diet?
Norovirus, Salmonella, Clostridium perfringens, and Staphylococcus aureus
What are some of the top causes of food poisoning?
Pneumothorax, malposition of catheter, subclavian artery puncture, air embolism, and thrombosis
What are some technical complications of parenteral nutrition?
Delivering the total quantity of formulas needed for a 24-hour period in 3 to 6 equal feedings
What is intermittent infusion?
Greater risk of aspiration. Gastric emptying must be monitored
What is a disadvantage of the nasogastric feeding route?