Vocab
Vegetation fed to livestock.
Forage
Pasture, hay, haylage, or silage, Very high palatability, Good winter hardiness, good drought tolerance, Rhizomatous growth habit; 20-40 inches tall, Does well in poorly drained, highly fertile soils (pH 5.8 to 6.5), produces more regrowth than timothy, making it a better selection when one or more harvests can be pastured.
Smooth Bromegrass
Pasture and hay, High palatability, Good winter hardiness and fair drought tolerance, Grows 12 to 36 inches tall, Suited to poorly drained sites – medium fertility, pH 6.0 – 6.5
Alsike clover
improved or unimproved plant material on land areas where animals graze.
Pastures
Stems of the grass plants
culms
Green plant material that has been cut and dried for use as livestock feed.
hay
Used for pasture and hay, high palability, poor winter hardiness, poor drought tolerance, bunchgrass, poorly drained soil, med/high fert., may be seeded alone or with legumes.
Perennial Ryegrass
Pasture, High palatability, Fair winter hardiness; poor drought tolerance, Grows 12 to 14 inches tall, Poorly drained fertile soil, pH 6.0 – 6.5
Landino Clover
chopped plant material that has been fermented
silage
Above ground creeping stems
stolons
silage that contains less than 50 percent moisture.
Haylage
Pasture, hay, haylage, Fast-recovering; intensive pasture programs, Low palatability, Good winter hardiness and drought tolerance, Rhizomatous grass; 24 - 72 inches tall, Poorly drained soil; med/high fertility (pH 5.8 - 8.2)
Reed
Hay, silage, pasture, green manure, Very high palatability, Good winter hardiness and drought tolerance, Grows 15 to 36 inches tall, Best in fertile, well-drained soil, pH 6.6 - 7.2
Alfalfa
upright or horizontal facilities that maintain the quality of the silage
Silos
Leaves of the grass plant
blades
Large, open areas of land.
Ranges
Pasture and hay, Mixed with alfalfa, red clover, trefoil, High palatability, Good winter hardiness and poor drought tolerance, bunchgrass; 20 - 40 inches tall, Poorly drained soil; med fertility (pH 5.4 - 6.2)
Timothy
Pasture and hay, High palatability, Fair drought tolerance, Grows 2 to 34 inches tall, Somewhat poorly drained sites – low fertility, pH 5.5 – 6.2
Lespedeza
plant materials refer to silage and haylage
Ensile
Pasture and hay, Medium palatability, Fair winter hardiness and fair drought tolerance, Growth habit – bunchgrass; 24 - 48 inches tall, Somewhat Poorly drained soil; medium fertility (pH 5.4 - 6.2), Long-lived
Tall Fescue
plants with life cycles of more than two years.
perennials
Pasture and hay, Four cut system with alfalfa, Medium/high palatability, Fair winter hardiness and fair drought tolerance, Bunchgrass growth; 24 - 48 inches tall, Poorly drained soil; med fertility (pH 5.5 - 8.2)
Orchardgrass
Pasture and hay, Very high palatability, Good winter hardiness; fair drought tolerance, Grows 15 to 44 inches tall, Somewhat poorly drained medium fertile soil, pH 6.0 – 6.8
Birdsfoot Trefoil
plants that typically have leaves with parallel veins and stems that are hollow or solid.
grasses
Pasture renovation, short term hay, High palatability, Good winter hardiness; fair drought tolerance, Grows 12 to 36 inches tall, Poorly drained medium fertile soil, pH 6.2 – 6.8
Red Clover